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Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Pengungkapan Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan Di Negara Maju Dan Berkembang Bukti Empiris Teori Legitimasi dan Teori Stakeholder
Abstract
Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kesukarelaan perusahaan untuk mengungkapkan informasi terkait tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan. Faktor-faktor tersebut diperoleh melalui analisis konten dari bukti empiris berbagai negara baik negara maju maupun berkembang dengan menggunakan sudut pandang teori legitimasi dan teori stakeholder. Berdasarkan teori legitimasi, maka faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan adalah ukuran perusahaan, jenis industri, tekanan media serta kinerja lingkungan perusahaan. Di sisi lain, teori stakeholder menghasilkan faktor-faktor penentu pengungkapan sosial perusahaan yang berbeda antara negara maju dan berkembang. Pengaruh nilai, norma, budaya, dan peraturan pemerintah dalam menentukan karaktersitik stakeholder lebih tampak di negara berkembang. Selain menggunakan dua teori (legitimasi dan stakeholder) beberapa faktor harus dijelaskan melalui non-specific theory yaitu pengaruh tingkat profitabilitas dan leverage pada pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan.
Keywords
pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan, teori legitimasi, teori stakeholder
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/ap.v5i1.2559
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