Proceedings of International Conference of Graduate School on Sustainability
Journal title : Proceeding of International Conference of Graduate School on Sustainability Initials : ICGSS Abbreviation : Int. Conf. of Grad. Sch. Sust. Frequency : 1 Issues every year DOI : Prefix 10.26905 by Crossref Online ISSN : 2721-1398 Editor-in-Chief : Dr. Dina Poerwoningsih Managing Editor : Dr. Diana Zuhroh Publisher : University of Merdeka Malang Citation Analysis : Google Scholar | Garuda | Index Copernicus International (ICI) | Graduate School of the University of Merdeka Malang as an educational institution takes a role in a small part in the academic field by conducting scientific discussions from scholars and practitioners in a conference forum. This activity adopted Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development and 17 Goals for Sustainable Development. The ultimate goal of this conference is to answer the needs and thinking of the people in Indonesia and international people to achieve sustainable living and also to know more about the efforts of the UN and its partners to build a better world without being left behind. The conference, entitled "SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS 2030: CHALLENGES AND ITS SOLUTIONS" is expected to be gathered by field ideas and practices on the implementation of SDGs in the world. A collection of articles will greatly assist the Indonesian government in particular and other countries in the world in providing alternative solutions and challenges for sustainability in the future. Furthermore, starting in 2018, the naming of the journal became the International Conference of Graduate School on Sustainability (ICGSS).
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Organizational Culture and Citizenship Behavior in Community-Based Ecotourism: The Case of CMC Tiga Warna Malang
This study examines the influence of organizational culture on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) among employees of Clungup Mangrove Conservation (CMC) Tiga Warna Ecotourism in Malang, Indonesia. As a community-based ecotourism initiative, CMC Tiga Warna integrates environmental conservation with sustainable tourism practices, making employee behavior a key factor in maintaining its success. Using a saturated sampling method, all 45 employees—including tour guides, field technicians, and management staff—were surveyed through questionnaires and supported by direct observation. The findings reveal that organizational culture has a significant positive effect on OCB (β = 0.342, p < 0.05). A strong organizational culture emphasizing teamwork, shared responsibility, and commitment to environmental values encourages employees to voluntarily engage in behaviors that go beyond their formal job roles. These results highlight the importance of fostering a cohesive and value-driven organizational environment to strengthen proactive and cooperative behaviors among employees. Strengthening internal communication, leadership example, and recognition of positive contributions are recommended to sustain and enhance OCB within the organization.
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How Motivation and Social Interaction Shape Online Consumer Behavior: Evidence From E-WOM and Repurchase Intention
This study investigates how motivation to enter online markets and social interaction shape consumer behavior, with particular focus on electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) and repurchase intention. Drawing on social exchange theory and the theory of planned behavior, this research examines how motivational and social factors influence consumers’ behavioral outcomes in Indonesia’s rapidly expanding digital marketplace. Using data collected from 111 online consumers between 2024 and 2025, the study employs Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the proposed relationships. The findings reveal that consumer motivation strongly enhances social interaction, stimulates positive e-WOM, and increases repurchase intention. Social interaction also reinforces the effects of motivation by facilitating trust, communication, and community engagement. The model demonstrates satisfactory reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity, with substantial explanatory power for all constructs. The results highlight that both motivation and social connection are key mechanisms driving consumer loyalty and advocacy in online marketplaces. The study offers theoretical and managerial insights into how digital platforms can leverage motivation and social engagement to sustain long-term consumer relationships.
Drone-Informed Smart City Planning for Sustainable Urban River Corridors
Urban riverbanks in rapidly developing cities face significant challenges, including land scarcity, informal settlements, and environmental degradation. This study explores integrating drone-based mapping, geospatial analysis, and smart environmental governance to regenerate the Brantas River corridor in Malang, Indonesia. High-resolution imagery captured using the DJI L1D-20c sensor produced orthomosaics and Digital Surface Models (DSMs), revealing substantial discrepancies between planned and actual land use. More than 60% of the riverbank was occupied by informal housing, and vegetation cover was reduced to below 20% of the designated green buffer. By overlaying drone outputs with thematic GIS data, the study identified priority areas for substituting green spaces and ecological restoration. The findings informed the development of a Management Information System (MIS) aligned with Indonesia’s One Map Policy and Satu Data Indonesia initiative, facilitating real-time monitoring and data transparency. A pentahelix collaboration model, involving government, academia, industry, community, and media, was applied to enhance participatory governance and ensure inclusivity in planning outcomes. The resulting Smart River Regeneration Framework integrates three interrelated layers: ecological restoration, spatial–architectural restructuring, and digital governance. This integrative approach demonstrates how drone and smart city technologies can support evidence-based decision-making, adaptive design, and community empowerment. Overall, the study presents a replicable model for environmentally intelligent and socially inclusive urban transformation in riverine contexts of developing cities.
Developing Muslim-Friendly Tourism in Pasuruan City, East Java: A SWOT Analysis Approach Aligned with Sustainable Development Goals
This study examines the potential and challenges of developing Muslim-friendly tourism in Pasuruan City, East Java, through a SWOT analysis framework integrated with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Using qualitative methods involving field observation, document analysis, and stakeholder interviews, the research identifies key internal and external factors influencing tourism development. The findings reveal that Pasuruan City has strong potential, driven by its Islamic cultural heritage, strategic location, and active community participation. However, the city faces notable weaknesses in infrastructure, human resource competencies, and stakeholder coordination. Opportunities arise from the global growth of the halal tourism market and government support for sustainable tourism initiatives, while threats include competition from nearby destinations, policy inconsistency, and safety concerns. The study emphasizes the importance of aligning tourism development strategies with SDGs 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and 17 (Partnerships for the Goals). Strengthening digital promotion, enhancing service quality, and fostering cross-sector collaboration are recommended to improve competitiveness and ensure inclusive, sustainable growth. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how medium-sized cities in Indonesia can strategically position themselves within
Spatial Arrangement of Coastal Settlements from the Perspective of Slum Conditions: A Systematic Review
This study is a systematic review focusing on the spatial arrangement of coastal settlements viewed from the perspective of slum conditions. It aims to analyze and synthesize previous research findings that discuss spatial dynamics, environmental challenges, and adaptive management strategies in coastal residential areas experiencing settlement degradation or slum formation. A total of 32 national and international journal articles were reviewed, selected from approximately 100 initial publications based on thematic relevance and methodological quality. The literature review process was conducted using the Google Scholar and SciSpace databases with the keyword “Coastal Settlements of the Slums.” Each article was analyzed and categorized into five main thematic clusters: (1) spatial morphology and transformation, (2) environmental and climatic impacts, (3) physical and social characteristics of settlements, (4) management and adaptation strategies, and (5) governance and housing policy. The synthesis reveals that improving the spatial quality and resilience of coastal slum settlements requires more than physical interventions; it demands an evidence-based integrative approach that combines spatial planning, community empowerment, institutional collaboration, and adaptive, participatory governance. Therefore, this review strengthens the conceptual understanding of spatial–social relationships in coastal environments and emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in achieving resilient, inclusive, and sustainable coastal settlements.
A Portrait of Government Policies in Addressing Unemployment among the Young Generation in Indonesia
Since 2014, high youth unemployment has become a social phenomenon in Indonesia. In response to this challenge, the government has implemented policies to facilitate foreign investment and initiated programs such as the pre-employment card program and several scholarships for study and internships. This article aims to analyse the right to employment and a decent income for young people, and to review government programs to address this social challenge. The method used in this article is normative, with a statutory approach and a comparative analysis of the Youth Guarantee program, initiated by the European Union, to provide more comprehensive observations. The result shows that the right to employment and a decent income for young people is currently hampered by several factors, including technological disruption, skills mismatches, and the country's economic recession due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Government-initiated programs also show the ineffectiveness of foreign investment, which has led to rising unemployment. The pre-employment card program has also proven ineffective at reducing unemployment, and scholarships benefit only a small number of young people. Based on these findings, the government is advised to revise the implementation of the pre-employment card policy and improve the sustainable investment climate to ensure continued economic growth and lower unemployment among the younger generation.
Legal Protection of Face and Voice as Copyrightable Objects in the Era of Deepfake Technology: A Comparative Analysis between Denmark and Indonesia from the Perspective of Ius Constituendum
The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to create hyper-realistic manipulations of images, videos, or audio recordings, and to alter visual and auditory content to produce synthetic media, has given rise to a new form of digital identity imitation that threatens privacy, personal dignity, and the integrity of public information. In response, Denmark has taken an innovative legal approach by proposing amendments to its copyright law that explicitly recognize an individual’s face and voice as protected elements under copyright. This article analyzes the legal mechanisms introduced by the Danish government regarding the copyright protection of facial and vocal identity and compares them with Indonesia’s Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright. The research employs a normative juridical method, emphasizing both a conceptual and a comparative approach to gain a broader perspective on the matter. The comparison of Indonesia's and Denmark's copyright laws reveals a significant legal gap. This disparity highlights the urgent need for Indonesia to follow Denmark’s example by revising its Copyright Law on the basis of the ius constituendum principle as a foundation for legal reform. Considering the challenges of the global digital era,
Legal Analysis of the Judge's Considerations in Verdict No. 34/Pid.Sus-TPK/2025/PN Jkt.Pst on Corruption in the Case of Raw Crystal Sugar Imports
Many acts of corruption in Indonesia involve officials who, in their positions, have the authority to commit such acts. One of the criminal acts of corruption in the court is the case No. 34/Pid.Sus- TPK/2025/PN Jkt.Pst concerning Criminal Acts of Corruption in the Case of Raw Crystal Sugar Imports involving the former Minister of Trade in 2015-2016, Tom Lembong. The court ruling states that Tom was found to have committed a criminal offense in accordance with the elements set out in Article 2 of the Corruption Eradication Law, in conjunction with Article 55(1) of the Criminal Code. Tom Lembong's actions, which contravened several applicable legal provisions, were deemed unlawful. However, the facts of the trial showed that there was no mens rea and that there was confusion in calculating the value of state losses. This raised doubts about the court ruling that will be examined further in this article. The method used in this article is a normative legal method with a statutory approach, based on the collection of various legal sources, including statutory regulations, books, and scientific journals, which are reviewed to understand the application of mens rea in proving acts of corruption by Tom Lembong. The article concludes that the lack of proof of criminal intent (mens rea) at trial led the panel of judges to issue an inappropriate verdict against the defendant, Tom Lembong.
Digital Ethics and Legal Responsibility of Digital Platform Providers in Controlling Illegal Content in Indonesia
The rapid growth of the digital ecosystem has created a number of ethical and legal challenges for both the state and Electronic System Operators (ESOs), especially in preventing and handling illegal content. Indonesia has tried to respond to these changes through a set of rules that lean heavily toward security and public order, such as the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, Government Regulation No. 71 of 2019, and Ministrial Regulation No. 5 of 2020. These laws give the government broad authority to order swift takedowns of online content and place ESOs at the front line of maintaining a safe and responsible digital environment. However, the problem is not simply about how fast content can be removed. A bigger issue is the scattered and sometimes overlapping nature of Indonesia’s regulations, which are spread across various sectoral frameworks. This regulatory fragmentation leads to different standards, confusion for platforms, and uncertainty for users. It also affects the broader issues about digital ethics. The European Union approaches content governance differently, emphasizing transparency, accountability, and clear procedures. The DSA requires platforms to provide user appeal mechanisms, undergo independent audits, and disclose systemic risks. Meanwhile, the United States takes a more hands-off approach. This article employs a normative legal method, combining statutory and comparative approaches to achieve a more holistic result. The findings show that Indonesia continues to place the government at the center of content control, relying on strict, rapid takedown requirements. Yet issues such as regulatory fragmentation, limited transparency in algorithms, lack of clear appeal rights, and uncertainties around non-discrimination remain largely unresolved. Compared to the EU and US models, it’s clear that Indonesia needs a more balanced framework, one that protects public interests without overlooking platform responsibilities or the digital rights of its citizens.
A Portrait of the Level of Legal Awareness of Crime Victims Regarding the Right to Restitution (Study in Talun District, Blitar Regency, 2024)
The right to restitution for victims of crime is a right that must be fulfilled as mandated in Article 136 paragraph (1) of Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code, which states, "victims have the right to obtain restitution from perpetrators of criminal acts or third parties in accordance with the provisions of statutory regulations." However, problems arise when victims lack the right to restitution for the losses they suffer, as occurred in the Blitar District Court's Decision Number 313/Pid.B/2023/PN Blt. Therefore, it is essential to assess crime victims' legal awareness of their right to restitution. This research was conducted in Blitar Regency, specifically in Talun District, due to the high number of crimes reported there as of 2024. The method used in this research is empirical, collecting data from crime victims and law enforcement through interviews about their awareness of their right to restitution. The research results regarding awareness of the right to restitution for crime victims in Talun District, Blitar Regency, are relatively low. The primary factor contributing to the victims' limited understanding is the lack of education and information they receive about their right to restitution. Based on this conclusion, the author recommends that law enforcement agencies conduct extensive outreach to the public about the right to restitution, especially victims of crime, to ensure their rights are fulfilled and to build a more just legal society.
Legal Liability of Notaries in Bad Credit Disputes through the Foreclosed Collateral Mechanism
This study examines the legal responsibilities of Notaries in disputes arising from the settlement of non-performing loans (NPLs) through voluntary Foreclosed Collateral mechanisms within Rural Credit Banks (RCBs) in Indonesia. This article employs an empirical legal method by using qualitative data obtained through structured interviews with key practitioners, namely a senior executive in RCBs and a practicing Notary/Land Deed Official, to analyse the statutory framework and judicial reasoning in the civil and criminal disputes arising from the case of I Made Puja v. RCBs Saraswati Ekabumi in Denpasar District Court Verdict No. 512/Pdt.G/2021/PN Dps. The findings demonstrate that the ratification of voluntary collateral transfer deeds and subsequent sale and purchase deeds by a Notary plays a decisive role in judicial assessments of legal certainty, consensual intent, and the absence of coercion. The study finds that courts attribute substantial evidentiary value to authentic deeds prepared by Notaries, particularly in determining the voluntariness and legality of Foreclosed Collateral transactions, thereby undermining debtor claims of procedural irregularities. Although Notaries are formally required to maintain neutrality, their institutional position as public officials places them at the center of legitimizing creditor asset recovery processes conducted through voluntary foreclosure. The legal certainty generated by notarial acts effectively protects both financial institutions and Notaries from post-execution disputes, provided that the applicable procedural requirements are fulfilled. This study underscores the need for more straightforward regulatory guidelines to strengthen notarial impartiality in practice and ensure balanced legal protection for both creditors and debtors in voluntary foreclosure mechanisms.
Legal Review of the Use of Electronic Signatures by Patients in the Implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMRs)
Digital transformation in the healthcare sector has shifted the medical record system from physical to electronic format, as stipulated in Minister of Health Regulation Number 24 of 2022 concerning Medical Records. However, there is a legal issue stemming from this development: the validation of patients’ or families’ electronic signatures as a form of informed consent or informed refusal of medical procedures. Although Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions has recognized the validity of E-Signatures, specific regulations in the healthcare context remain unclear. In implementing E-Signature, a problem arises from the high cost of certified E-Signature services, which remain prohibitive for all hospitals. This article uses a normative, legislative approach to examine legal certainty, implementation challenges, and policy recommendations for the use of Electronic Signatures in Electronic Medical Records (EMRs). The results of this study indicate the need for specific regulations related to E-Signatures for healthcare services. This is because E-Signatures in healthcare services will strengthen technical regulations, establish system-wide standardization, and provide financial support to ensure the legality and ease of implementation for patients and their families.
Implementation of Articles 112 and 127 of Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics in Judge's Verdict Number 183/Pid.Sus/2025 at the Malang District Court, Indonesia
Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics regulates narcotics control through repressive and rehabilitative approaches, with Articles 112 and 127 as the main provisions. This study analyzes the implementation of these two articles through a case study of Judge’s Verdict Number 183/PidSus/2025/PN Malang, in which a defendant was sentenced to 5 years and 6 months in prison for possession of 0.63 grams of crystal methamphetamine, which is categorized as distribution of narcotics. The method used in this study is a normative legal method, along with a statutory approach, to analyze the case in depth using secondary data and referring to the prevailing regulations. In this article, it is found that the implementation of the law on narcotics tends to be repressive, because judges tend to ignore mandatory rehabilitation first, as stipulated in Article 103, thus reducing its effectiveness in reducing the abuse of narcotics. Some factors play a role in this verdict, including limited evidence and the availability of rehabilitation facilities. Thus, it is recommended to implement a more just verdict towards abusers rather than punishing them, since criminal law is also considered as the ultimum remedium contrary to humanitarian principles, and also less effective in dealing with the drug problem.
The Influence of Digital Literacy on Digital Entrepreneurial Intention: Building Entrepreneurial Resilience among Business Students in the Digital Transformation Era
The rapid advancement of digital technology has transformed entrepreneurial ecosystems, demanding individuals to develop strong digital competencies and adaptability. This study aims to examine the influence of digital literacy on digital entrepreneurial intention as a means to build entrepreneurial resilience in the digital transformation era. The research was conducted with 120 students from the Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB) in Bandung, Indonesia, who were considered to have basic exposure to entrepreneurship and digital tools. The study employed a quantitative descriptive approach with simple linear regression analysis using SPSS version 26. Classical assumption tests, including the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test for normality and the Glejser test for heteroscedasticity, were applied to ensure model validity. The normality test showed a significance value of 0.200 (>0.05), indicating that the residuals were normally distributed. The heteroscedasticity test yielded a p-value of 0.055 (>0.05), indicating that the model was free of heteroscedasticity. The regression results demonstrated that digital literacy has a positive and significant effect on digital entrepreneurial intention, with a standardized coefficient (β) of 0.601 and a significance level of 0.000. The model yielded an R-square of 0.361, suggesting that digital literacy explains 36.1% of the variance in digital entrepreneurial intention. These findings highlight the critical role of digital literacy in fostering students’ readiness to pursue digital entrepreneurship and in strengthening entrepreneurial resilience amid the ongoing digital transformation.
Energy Company Stock Performance: What is the role of Leverage, Dividend Payout Ratio, and EVA?
This study examines the impact of the Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER), Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR), and Economic Value Added (EVA) on stock returns in oil, gas, and coal subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period from 2020 to 2023. The analytical methods used include classical hypothesis testing, multiple linear regression, and other methods. Based on the research results, the Debt-to-Equity Ratio and Dividend Payout Ratio were shown to have no significant effect on stock returns. The significance values for DER and DPR were 0.292 and 0.568, respectively. This finding indicates that a company's funding structure (leverage) and dividend policy are not primary factors investors consider when making investment decisions in this sector. Conversely, Economic Value Added (EVA) had a significant and positive effect on stock returns, with a significance value of 0.001. This demonstrates that a company's ability to create economic value added is a key indicator that investors take seriously when assessing company performance and making investment decisions. For further research, it is recommended to explore other potential variables, including both internal factors such as profitability and liquidity, as well as external factors such as macroeconomic conditions and commodity prices, to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the determinants of stock returns
Implementation of BPI Framework Towards Business Process Analysis of TMint Creative Studio Malang Using Critical Success Factors
The rapid development of the digital creative industry requires companies to adopt efficient, adaptive business processes. TMint Creative Studio Malang, as a digital design service provider, faces challenges in optimizing workflows that impact team performance and service quality. This study aims to analyze and improve the company's business processes by applying the Business Process Improvement (BPI) framework using the Critical Success Factors (CSF) approach. The method used is a qualitative case study, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The analysis is based on the three main stages of BPI: organizing for improvement, understanding the process, and streamlining. The research results identified six main business processes, with two critical processes, website design production and social media management, selected through CSF analysis. The As-is modeling revealed inefficiencies in the workflow, which were then improved through the design of the To-be model using BPMN. Simulations showed increased time efficiency and reduced workload after the improvements were implemented. This study contributes to the development of more effective and efficient business processes in the digital creative industry.
Designing Payroll Accounting Information Systems to Enhance Internal Control in Hotels in Sentani, Jayapura, Papua
This study critically examines the role of payroll accounting information systems as a pivotal internal control mechanism within the hospitality industry. Employing a qualitative case study methodology, the research integrates both primary and secondary data sources collected through comprehensive fieldwork, including semi-structured interviews and rigorous document analysis. The investigation uncovers systemic inefficiencies, including the absence of a dedicated finance department, incomplete payroll documentation, and overlapping responsibilities between accounting and payroll staff, collectively undermining payroll accuracy and employee trust. Findings reveal that these structural deficiencies heighten the risk of errors and reduce operational transparency. The study advocates for strategic organizational reforms, including the establishment of an autonomous finance department, clear segregation of payroll and accounting functions, and the implementation of comprehensive payroll documentation—such as detailed employee bank account records, payroll summaries, pay slips, and cash disbursement vouchers. These interventions are projected to substantially enhance the reliability and effectiveness of internal controls in payroll management, thereby mitigating financial risks and fostering greater employee confidence. This research contributes to the broader discourse on leveraging integrated accounting information systems to strengthen internal control frameworks and optimize operational performance in service-sector organizations. The insights offer valuable implications for practitioners and researchers seeking to strengthen internal governance by enhancing technological and procedural aspects of accounting information systems.
Corruption in Indonesia: A Culturally Embedded Deviant Behavior and Efforts for Its Eradication
Corruption in Indonesia has become a systemic and structural phenomenon deeply embedded within the fabric of society, leading many to describe it as a culture of corruption. This study explores the dynamics of corrupt behavior through a systematic literature review, focusing on empirical research and contemporary theoretical frameworks. The findings reveal that corruption in Indonesia has historical roots dating back to the pre-independence era and persists today. Rather than being an inherent cultural trait, corruption represents a deviant behavior that has become normalized through habitual practice and social tolerance. The relationship between culture and corruption is evident in the way corruption manifests as a social phenomenon grounded in cultural structures and paternalistic-clientelist mindsets, where loyalty to authority figures often takes precedence over integrity. The persistence of corruption is reinforced by cultural norms that tend to be permissive toward unethical conduct. This study underscores the need for a comprehensive anti-corruption movement involving educational institutions, local communities, traditional authorities, the media, public figures, and exemplary leadership among government officials and politicians. Such collaboration is essential for cultivating an anti-corruption ecosystem in which the interaction of values, norms, role modeling, and social control naturally fosters social resistance to corruption. Transformation of values cannot be achieved solely through law enforcement but must also involve socio-cultural and institutional reform. Every individual must be instilled with the values of honesty, responsibility, integrity, and concern for the public interest through education, exemplary leadership, and social habituation. State institutions should be built upon the principles of good governance that uphold integrity and prioritize public trust. Equally important, society, as a socio-cultural system, must transform its perspectives and behaviors that are permissive of corruption by firmly rejecting all forms of corruption. Through evidence-based analysis, this study contributes to the development of comprehensive and sustainable anti-corruption policies and strategies.
Reog Ponorogo: Preservation of Local Culture as a Form of National Identity Resilience in the Era of Globalization
Local culture represents a noble heritage that reflects a community's identity, values, and character. Ponorogo, a region in East Java, is renowned for its traditional art form, Reog Ponorogo, which serves not only as a performing art but also embodies deep philosophical, spiritual, and social meanings. In the midst of globalization and rapid technological development, Reog faces challenges such as cultural commercialization, value shifts, and declining interest among younger generations in traditional arts. This study aims to analyze the preservation of Reog Ponorogo as a form of local identity resilience rooted in the values of Pancasila and local wisdom. It employs a descriptive qualitative approach through literature studies and field observations of Reog art communities in Ponorogo. The findings indicate that these efforts demonstrate that cultural preservation is not merely about maintaining traditions but also about strengthening traditional institutions, culture-based education, annual art festivals, and the use of digital media for cultural promotion. about fostering social resilience and reinforcing national identity on a global scale. Thus, Reog Ponorogo stands as a symbol of the local community’s steadfast commitment to upholding Indonesia’s noble cultural values and national identity, contributing to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the global era.
Toward a Resilient Banking Ecosystem: The Impact of Circular Economy and Green Finance on Bank Stability in ASEAN
The ASEAN banking sector is crucial for regional growth but faces environmental and financial vulnerabilities. The Circular Economy (CE) and Green Finance (GF) are transformative paradigms to reconcile development with sustainability. However, a systematic synthesis of their collective impact on bank stability in ASEAN is absent. This study fills that gap. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following PRISMA guidelines, we searched databases like Scopus and Web of Science (2014-2024). Using keywords including "circular economy," "green finance," and "bank stability," 358 articles were identified. After screening, 42 studies were selected for thematic synthesis. The analysis reveals three primary impact channels. First, CE and GF enable risk diversification by reducing exposure to carbon-intensive "brown" assets. Second, they enhance reputation, attract conscious investors, and ensure a stable funding base. Third, they foster improved risk management through rigorous due diligence. Challenges such as "greenwashing," a lack of standardization, and short-term costs were also identified. The synergistic application of CE and GF can be a cornerstone for a resilient ASEAN banking ecosystem. The benefits for long-term stability, however, are contingent on robust regulations, transparent reporting, and genuine integration into core strategies. Consequently, embracing sustainability is a strategic imperative for mitigating systemic risks and ensuring enduring stability.
Revitalization of "Gotong Royong" as Social Capital in Village Infrastructure Development: A Case Study of Macadam Road Construction in Ngranget Village, Dagangan District, Madiun Regency
This study examines the implementation of cooperation in the construction of macadam roads in Ngranget Village, Dagang District, Madiun Regency. Through participant observation and in-depth interviews, this study analyzes how the value of cooperation functions as social capital, strengthening community participation and collaborative village governance. The findings show that cooperation is not only a mechanism for resource mobilization but also an instrument for strengthening community capacity to achieve sustainable development. Gotong royong reflects the values of unity and social justice that underpin people's lives in Indonesia. This study emphasizes the relevance of local values in the context of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 11 and 16. It shows that revitalizing cooperation is an effective strategy for realizing inclusive, sustainable, and equitable village development and provides an empirical basis for developing empowerment programs that place the community as the leading actor in development by strengthening village social capital in a more community-based manner.
The Influence of Tax Rates and Foreign Ownership on Corporate Decisions to Implement Transfer Pricing Policies: An Empirical Study of Consumer Non-Cyclicals Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
This study aims to analyze the influence of tax rates and ownership on corporate decisions to implement transfer pricing policies. Transfer pricing has become a common strategic mechanism used by multinational corporations to reallocate profits between affiliated entities across various tax jurisdictions, and ultimately with the aim of minimizing tax liabilities and maximizing global after-tax profits. The objects of this study were companies in the Consumer Non-Cyclicals sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the observation period. This study uses a quantitative approach, analyzing secondary data from companies’ annual financial reports, and employs multiple linear regression to examine the influence of tax rates and foreign ownership on corporate decisions to implement transfer pricing policies. The results show that tax rates have a significant and positive influence on transfer pricing, indicating that companies are more likely to implement transfer pricing when the tax burden is high. Conversely, foreign ownership does not show a significant influence on transfer pricing decisions, indicating that the presence of foreign shareholders does not inherently encourage transfer pricing practices. However, simultaneous testing indicates that tax rates and foreign ownership together have a significant influence on corporate decisions to implement transfer pricing policies.
Cooling Effectiveness of Urban Green Infrastructure: A Review of Urban Heat Island Mitigation Strategy
The Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon represents a significant environmental challenge in modern cities, intensifying air temperatures and degrading thermal comfort. Green Infrastructure (GI) has emerged as the primary intervention in mitigating this issue due to its capacity to provide shading, evapotranspiration cooling, and improved microclimatic balance. This study aims to synthesize existing research on GI-based UHI mitigation strategies by examining methodological approaches, cooling performance, influencing factors, and climatic context through a narrative review. A total of 31 peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025 were systematically identified using Publish or Perish. The results show that simulation-based approaches dominate the field, with ENVI-met forming the primary analytical tools, while empirical measurements remain crucial for calibration and validation. Across typologies, trees produce the strongest and most consistent cooling, followed by green walls and green roofs, whereas groundcovers provide the weakest cooling response for single interventions. However, it is important to note that multi-layered or combined GI configurations substantially outperform single-strategy approaches. Cooling outcomes are strongly shaped by vegetation characteristics, spatial configuration, hydrological and meteorological conditions, and the methodological frameworks used to measure cooling. Climatic context further mediates GI performance by influencing how strongly vegetation can express its shading and evapotranspirative functions across different environmental conditions. Overall, the review confirms that GI is an effective strategy for reducing urban heat and highlights the need for context-sensitive urban vegetation planning.
Adaptive Reuse as a Strategy for Sustainable Building Preservation and Regeneration
The increasing demand for urban spaces and limited land availability have driven the adoption of adaptive reuse strategies, which repurpose existing or heritage buildings for new functions relevant to current needs. This strategy effectively extends the life cycle of buildings, preserves historical values, and supports sustainability principles through resource efficiency, waste reduction, and the conservation of embodied energy. This review analyzes the implementation of adaptive reuse as a strategy for sustainable building preservation and regeneration, drawing on a synthesis of 12 relevant academic journals. The analysis focuses on identifying key success factors, major challenges, and best practices related to adaptive reuse projects. The main aspects examined include stakeholder collaboration, financial strategies, community engagement, and the architect’s role in balancing historical value with modern functionality. The findings reveal that the success of adaptive reuse is influenced by three key aspects: cross-sector collaboration among architects, owners, governments, and communities; phased financial strategies supported by adaptive policies; and the involvement of technical and conservation experts from the early design stages. Conversely, the main challenges include financial limitations, regulatory barriers, and technical complexities of heritage structures. This review concludes that adaptive reuse is not merely a preservation effort but a sustainable architectural approach that integrates cultural value, contemporary function, and urban regeneration.
Proposed Filipino Tech-Based Language Competencies: Input to Realigning Filipino Subjects to the Laboratory Junior High School’s Mandate as a Technological Institution
This study produced a set of tech-based Filipino language competencies specially designed for Junior High School students of the Laboratory School. It serves as an initial step toward aligning the Filipino subject with the school’s mandate as a technological institution. The research focused on identifying target competencies for Grades 7 to 10, exploring challenges in implementing a technology-enhanced language curriculum, and crafting competencies that address instructional gaps. The teachers from the Filipino Department, being the direct implementers of the curriculum, were selected as the primary respondents. Their insights were critical in contextualizing the realities of classroom instruction and the integration of technology in language learning. To further strengthen the output, experts in instructional technology and Filipino language education were consulted. The development of the proposed competencies was also guided by the recalibrated K to 12 curriculum, particularly the MATATAG framework. Emphasis was placed on enhancing students' ability to develop, present, and engage with written, visual, and multimodal texts using available digital tools. These competencies are intended to be a relevant and practical contribution to curriculum revision efforts in the Filipino subject area, ensuring that the subject evolves in response to technological advancements and the shifting needs of 21st-century learners. By bridging curriculum goals and technological integration, this study aims to equip Filipino students with the sustainable skills needed for meaningful communication and lifelong learning in a digitally driven world.
Evaluation and Development Recommendations of Malang City Islamic Center Using Post-Occupancy Evaluation Approach
The purpose of establishing Malang City Islamic Center was to serve the Islamic community in the East Malang area, where a majority of residents are Muslim, as indicated by the presence of many Islamic boarding schools (Pondok Pesantren) in the area. Malang City Islamic Center's building still stands today. To begin this research, several surveys of the building were conducted, and some interviews were conducted with its users. The result is that Malang City Islamic Center currently functions as the Public Order Agency (Polisi Pamong Praja) Office, which they call "Graha Purva Praja". However, the name "Islamic Center" is still used because the building includes a multipurpose hall that is available to the entire community of Malang City free of charge for various public purposes, not just religious ones. This research uses a Post-Occupancy Evaluation approach to obtain an assessment of this building from the user's perspective, drawing on user experience and intuition. At the beginning of this study, several data collections were conducted, indicating that, for future development, it is necessary to add features and refresh the appearance across architecture, interior design, and site planning.
Proposed Learning and Development Plan for Pre-Service Teachers’ Community Engagement
This study explores the challenges pre-service teachers face in community engagement and develops a structured plan to enhance their readiness and effectiveness. The research identifies key barriers, including travel delays, limited resources, and coordination difficulties, which impact instructional time and quality. By converting these challenges into design inputs, the study proposes a learning and development plan integrating boot camps, micro-teaching, partnership projects, and learner-centered routines. The inclusion of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and high-dosage tutoring frameworks supports inclusive pedagogy and equitable education. Recommendations emphasized targeted training, competency-based modules, supervision cycles, and institutional support to sustain community programs and improve pre-service teacher preparedness. The proposed learning and development plan helps pre-service teachers build key skills in planning, teaching, and coordination. Clear routines, shared calendars, and travel limits reduced delays and protected learning. Portable kits and learner-centered approaches kept instruction uninterrupted. Quick probes, coaching notes, and one-page handovers improved feedback and continuity across teams. Overall, communication with partners became smoother, and sessions were safer and more reliable across sites. This approach fosters stronger school-community partnerships and enhances adaptability in diverse educational settings. For policy recommendations, the Institution’s Student Sector Groups (Student Council, College of Education Council, Pre-service Teachers’ Association) may adopt an integrated system for implementing students’ community engagement activities, in coordination with the Extension and Community Services Office. Such an approach will foster more meaningful student participation and ensure sustainable, student-led community programs.
Multi-performance Review of the Louvre System in Building Design
Louvres are among the architectural elements that serve multiple functions in supporting building performance. Through their adjustable slats, louvres can regulate the entry of natural light, control air circulation, and protect against solar heat and external noise. Beyond their technical roles, louvres also possess strong aesthetic qualities, often enhancing the facade composition and contributing to a building's visual character. In the context of sustainable architectural design, louvre systems have received growing attention for their potential to contribute to passive design strategies. Numerous studies have investigated their performance from various perspectives, including natural ventilation, thermal comfort, energy efficiency, and acoustic and daylight quality. However, most of the studies tend to focus on a single aspect of performance. In practice, these aspects are highly interrelated, and their interaction determines the overall effectiveness of the system. Therefore, a broader and more integrative review is needed to understand the combined roles of louvres in building design. This paper presents a review of 30 studies published over the past 15 years that examine louvre systems with respect to multiple performance criteria. The discussion focuses on aerodynamic, acoustic, energy, and daylighting aspects, as well as their interconnections. Through this approach, the review aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of louvres as multi-performance components within the framework of sustainable architecture.
Implementation of the Utilization of Green Open Space as an MSME Area: A Case Study at RTH Bunderan Serayu, Madiun City
The use of Green Open Space (RTH) as a community economic activity is an important strategy for realizing sustainable urban development. This study analyzes public perception using Bunderan Serayu RTH in Madiun City as a Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) area and examines its implications for social, economic, environmental, welfare, and regional spatial planning (RTRW) aspects. Using a mixed method, which combines quantitative descriptive analysis through questionnaires and validity-reliability tests (Pearson Product-Moment and Cronbach's Alpha) with a qualitative approach in the form of field observation and regional spatial policy studies. The study found that the public had a positive perception, with an average score of 2.9–3.2 (medium category), of the use of RTH as an MSME area. Economic activities in parks are expected to increase income, strengthen social interactions, and provide psychological benefits that improve people's welfare. However, some respondents highlighted the potential for environmental quality to decline and the need to implement the RTRW policy to regulate zoning and the productive use of public space. This study emphasizes that using RTH can be optimized if supported by adaptive spatial governance, consistent environmental monitoring, inclusive RTRW policy enforcement, and active community participation. These findings are common as a basis for the development of productive green space policies oriented towards public welfare, ecological sustainability, and urban economic empowerment.
Scale Development for the Meaningful Utilization of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Education Through Exploratory Factor Analysis: Meaningful Utilization of GenAI in Education
As generative AI technologies rapidly reshape education worldwide, higher education institutions face urgent concerns about how to integrate these tools meaningfully and ethically. This study developed and validated a contextualized measurement scale to assess the meaningful use of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in a Philippine higher education institution. Employing an exploratory sequential mixed-method design, qualitative analysis of institutional policies identified six themes: ethical use, academic integrity, institutional support, user responsibility, data privacy, and research integration. These informed the creation of 53 scale items, refined through expert validation. The scale was administered to 257 faculty members at Rizal Technological University, and exploratory factor analysis revealed a four-factor structure: Ethical AI Awareness, AI-Enhanced Engagement, Transparency and Disclosure, and Operational Readiness. These factors explained 64.5 percent of the variance, with strong internal consistency, averaging a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.903. Model fit indices, including RMSEA at 0.065 and TLI at 0.874, indicated acceptable structural validity. The resulting instrument offers a reliable framework for evaluating GenAI integration in classrooms, providing insights for policy formulation and capacity building. By grounding the tool in local context and empirical data, the study contributes to responsible, inclusive, and transparent AI adoption in Philippine higher education and offers a foundation for future research and institutional governance.
Assessment of Contract Change Orders and Their Impact on Contractor Performance in Construction Projects
Contract Change Orders (CCOs) are a major challenge in construction projects, directly impacting cost, time, and quality. Contract changes can occur at various stages of project implementation and are influenced by a variety of technical and non-technical factors. This study aims to identify the causes, impacts, and control strategies for CCOs by analyzing 30 scientific articles from Google Scholar. The method used was a literature review, selecting relevant journals based on keywords, topic suitability, and completeness of research information. The analysis results indicate that the main causes of CCOs include mismatches between design and field conditions, planning errors, incomplete technical specifications, additional owner-scope of work, and external factors such as weather, material price increases, and policy changes. The impact of CCOs appears significant on cost overruns and time overruns, with some projects experiencing contract value increases of more than 25% and delays of more than 30%. In addition, CCOs also affect productivity, work quality, and the potential for disputes between parties. This study emphasizes the importance of thorough planning, high-quality design documents, inter-stakeholder coordination, and the use of analytical methods in change management as mitigation strategies to minimize the frequency and impact of CCOs. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for academics and practitioners seeking to improve the effectiveness of construction project management.
Wood Connection Techniques In The Main Structure Of Madura Traditional Houses
This study briefly introduces the connection techniques used in the main architectural structures of traditional Madurese houses. Traditional Madurese houses, found throughout the island of Madura, East Java, Indonesia, are a rich manifestation of local wisdom, utilizing wood materials and nail-less construction techniques to achieve structural resilience amidst climatic and geographical challenges, including the potential for earthquakes. The primary objective of this study is to identify, describe, and document the types of wood connections in the main structures of traditional Madurese houses, such as the pillars (sasaka) and main beams (soddhu' and brunjung). The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, based on field observations, a literature review, and interviews with residents and local traditional carpenters. The study's results are expected to demonstrate that the wood structures of traditional Madurese houses rely heavily on key-jointing and precise interlocking joints, without the use of iron nails or wooden dowels. These joints not only serve as mechanical connections but also help evenly distribute loads and provide semi-rigid flexibility, which is essential for the structure's resistance to lateral forces. For example, the joints on the sasaka (main pillars) are designed to minimize tensile and shear stresses, utilizing the compressive forces and internal friction of the material. In conclusion, the joint techniques in traditional Madurese houses reflect sustainable design principles and a rich traditional knowledge. The reliability of these nail-less joints offers a construction model that is not only environmentally friendly by reducing reliance on industrial materials but also seismically adaptive. This study is expected to contribute to the conservation and revitalization of Madurese architectural heritage and to inspire the development of resilient, sustainable modern wood-construction techniques.
Transforming Motivation into Achievement: The Role of Self-Efficacy Among Senior High School Students in Eastern Indonesia
This study aims to examine the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between academic anxiety, learning motivation, and student learning outcomes at SMA Negeri 2 Halmahera Timur. Understanding how these psychological factors interact is crucial, particularly in the context of schools in Eastern Indonesia. This research employed a quantitative explanatory approach, using a random sample of 228 students. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using the Process Hayes macro within SPSS to test the mediation model. The instruments demonstrated strong validity (r > 0.355) and reliability (Alpha > 0.665). The results indicate that self-efficacy positively and significantly affects learning outcomes, confirming its role as a key psychological determinant of academic success. Crucially, the study found that self-efficacy acts as a full mediator between learning motivation and learning outcomes. This means that motivation alone is insufficient; its positive effect on achievement is primarily realized only when students possess high self-efficacy. Conversely, academic anxiety was found to have no significant direct or indirect effect on learning outcomes, suggesting that for this specific student population, anxiety is not a dominant factor impairing performance, either directly or through self-efficacy. These findings emphasize the need to focus on self-efficacy enhancement programs in educational settings.
Factors Motivating Domestic Tourists to Visit Destinations within Cambodia During the Green Season
This study investigates the primary push (socio-psychological) and pull (destination-based) factors influencing Cambodian domestic tourists' intentions to travel during the "Green Season". Despite the government's strategic promotion of this period, academic research on the specific motivations of local travelers remains scarce. A qualitative phenomenological research design was employed, involving in-depth interviews with 27 participants, including domestic travelers, tourism business owners, and employees of the Ministry of Tourism. Data were gathered through purposive non-probability sampling and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal that primary push factors include the need for stress reduction, mental restoration, and social bonding with family and friends, and pull factors are driven by the aesthetic appeal of lush landscapes and waterfalls, coupled with economic incentives such as lower accommodation and food costs. The results suggest that the green season is perceived as a "value season" that fulfills both psychological and social needs through digital sharing. This research provides evidence-based recommendations for stakeholders to enhance year-round tourism sustainability in Cambodia.
Digital Transformation in Quran Village Education: A “Smart Tahfidz” App for Sustainability Learning
Kampoeng Qur’an is one of the religious education tourism sites in Malang City that offers many types of Qur’an learning. Qur'an learning is conducted in 3 large mosques, 15 Qur'an Houses, and 13 TPQs, totaling 70 classes. There is one “Tahfidz Class” (Quran memorization class) held on weekends. Because many of the students are from out of town, it would be easier to utilize information technology to facilitate access to materials and reporting of learning outcomes. Therefore, a “Smart Tahfidz” application was created to make it easier for students to access materials and view learning outcome reports. The development of a “Smart Tahfidz” Digital Application Model uses the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) Method in Android Studio. The digital transformation enabled by the “Smart Tahfidz” app has positively impacted the education system in Quran Villages. The application enhances the efficiency of the Quran memorization process while strengthening evaluation, monitoring, and reporting mechanisms that were previously managed manually. The existence of “Smart Tahfidz” is also expected to encourage the sustainability of education in Kampoeng Qur’an.
The Role of Organizational Commitment in Mediating the Influence of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Performance
This study aims to examine the role of organizational commitment in mediating the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational performance. The study subjects included officials from the Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPDs) of Banyuwangi Regency, considered representative of overall organizational performance, totaling 237 individuals. Based on calculations using the Slovin formula, 149 OPD officials served as the research sample. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) approach. The results indicate that transformational leadership has a positive and significant influence on organizational commitment. Transformational leadership influences organizational performance. Furthermore, organizational commitment also positively influences organizational performance. Another important finding is that organizational commitment acts as a mediator in the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational performance. This means that a visionary, inspirational, and exemplary leadership style can foster employee commitment, thereby improving overall organizational performance. In practice, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of transformational leadership in fostering a work environment that supports employees' emotional attachment to the organization. By increasing organizational commitment, the quality and sustainability of bureaucratic performance can be maintained amid dynamic changes and increasingly complex public service demands.
Classification of Public Open Spaces Based on Form, Function, and Spatial Context Anisatur
Public Open Spaces (POS) play a crucial role in supporting environmental sustainability, quality of life, and socio-economic dynamics in urban areas. However, existing classifications of POS in the literature still exhibit considerable conceptual and methodological variation, indicating the need for a more structured synthesis. This study aims to identify and synthesize POS classifications based on form, function, and spatial context, and to determine the most dominant POS types over the last 13 years. The research employs a narrative literature review of 29 selected articles published between 2012 and 2025. Data were collected using Publish or Perish and the Google Scholar database, and screened according to specific inclusion criteria. The synthesis reveals that Parks/Gardens, Linear Spaces, Squares/Plazas, and Courtyards represent the primary POS forms; green, grey, and green/grey categories reflect surface-type variations; and recreational, ecological, and social functions emerge as the most dominant, alongside structural and economic functions. Spatially, studies are predominantly focused on urban areas, while peri-urban and rural contexts exhibit more transitional and organic spatial characteristics. This synthesis highlights the importance of holistic, context-based typological approaches in designing inclusive, multifunctional, and sustainable POS. The findings provide a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for planning and managing public open spaces across diverse spatial settings.
Implementation of The Semarang City Government Policies in Accelerating Stunting Reduction (a Study in the Working area of Bandarharjo Health Center, North Semarang District )
Health development in Indonesia aligns with the objectives of the SDGs 2030, particularly in reducing stunting to achieve the goal of healthy and prosperous living. Stunting is a chronic nutritional issue that poses risks to the physical and mental growth of children, with long-term impacts such as cognitive impairments, low productivity, and an increased risk of chronic diseases. The Semarang City Government has adopted eight convergence actions to strengthen cross-sectoral intervention efforts, including empowering family health posts (posyandu), the Healthy Kitchen to Overcome Stunting (DASHAT) program, the use of nutrition gardens, and training stunting cadres. Collaboration between government sectors, academia, and the community has been key to significantly reducing the stunting prevalence rate from 1.66% in 2022 to 1.16% in 2023. Despite the decline, challenges remain, particularly in North Semarang District, which has the highest stunting rates. Socioeconomic factors, limited infrastructure, and the suboptimal implementation of programs, such as stunting daycare and nutritional aid, are major obstacles. Strategic efforts include strengthening research, data, and information for program evaluation and increasing community engagement, particularly among youth, to promote preventive behavioral changes. Local regulations, such as Perwali No. 45 of 2023, provide clear policy directions to integrate various stunting management programs, supporting the achievement of the RPJMN 2020-2024 target of a 14% stunting prevalence rate by 2024.
The Influence Of Green Human Resource Management On Corporate Performance Through Green Organizational Culture In Manufacturing Companies Cilegon
Company performance is an important measure that describes the organization's ability to achieve preset goals. In the literature, company performance is often seen as a multidimensional concept that includes financial, operational, innovation, and sustainability aspects. A modern approach to corporate performance assesses not only an organization's success from economic gains, but also its contribution to the environment, society, and corporate governance. In general, financial performance is the most commonly used element to measure an organization's success, including indicators such as profitability, return on assets (ROA), and return on equity (ROE). Corporate performance measurement frameworks have evolved a lot, from traditional approaches that only assess financial performance to holistic approaches such as the Sustainability Balanced Scorecard (SBSC) that combine financial and sustainability aspects. In addition, the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG)-based approach is the main framework for measuring organizational sustainability, which includes not only environmental impacts but also social responsibility and governance. In recent years, the company's leaders, in this case, the Board of Directors and managers, are increasingly aware that to be able to survive in the national and global arena, the company is required to carry out environmentally friendly implementation to achieve sustainable Company Performance. This study aims to analyze the influence of Green Human Resource Management on company performance, analyzing the influence of Green Organizational culture on company performance. And Green Human Resource Management on the Company's performance through Green Organizational culture on the Company's performance. The practical contribution of this research is as a reference for the Board of Directors and stakeholders to improve sustainable corporate performance by implementing Green Human Resource Management and Green Organizational culture. This study uses a quantitative approach, the population in this study is company employees with Manager and Superintendent levels in the Cilegon Industrial area Banten with an analysis sample of 149 employees. The data analysis technique uses the Structural Equation Modelling model. The results of this research analysis show that Green Human Resource Management has a positive and significant effect on company performance, Green Organizational Culture can mediate Company Performance.
The Influence of Green Investment and Corporate Social Responsibility Towards Corporate Value Through Corporate Performance as a Mediating Variable
This study aims to analyze the influence of Green Investment and Corporate Social Responsibility on Company Value and How Company Performance mediates the relationship between Green Investment and Corporate Social Responsibility . The practical contribution of this study is as a reference for business actors and stakeholders in the business world to increase company value through company performance by implementing Green Investment and Corporate Social Responsibility more effectively. This research is quantitative with secondary data. The population in this study is all companies that achieved the Corporate Performance Rating Program in Environmental Management (PROPER) during 2022-2023, totaling 3,694 companies. While the sample used in this study uses a purposive sampling technique . The criteria are (1) Companies listed on the IDX and consistently achieved PROPER ratings during 2022-2023, (2) Companies that consistently report their annual reports during 2022-2023. With these criteria, a sample of 50 companies was obtained that met the criteria with the number of data collected being 100 data. The data analysis method used is Path Analysis . The results of the study show that Green Investment has a significant positive effect on company performance, while Corporate Social Responsibility does not show a significant effect on company performance , company performance is proven to have a significant positive effect on company value , while Green Investment and Corporate Social Responsibility does not have a significant effect on company value . Mediation analysis reveals that company performance acts as a full mediator for Green Investment . Conversely , Corporate Social Responsibility not utilizing company performance as a channel to influence the company's value.
The Role of Organizational Commitment Mediation on The Influence of Organizational Culture on The Performance of Private University Education Personnel In Banten Province
This study aims to examine the influence of organizational culture on the performance of education personnel through organizational commitment, both directly and indirectly. The research was conducted using a quantitative method. Data collection using questionnaires for education personnel working at private universities accredited "Very Good" or "B" in the Banten Province area was obtained by 152 respondents who were selected using proportional random sampling. The data was analyzed using the SEM (structure equation modelling) method operated through the AMOS program. The results of the study show that organizational culture, organizational commitment, and performance of education personnel are important concepts in human resource management that are interrelated. A strong organizational culture can increase organizational commitment, which in turn can drive improved employee performance. organizational culture has a positive and significant influence on the performance of education personnel, organizational culture has a significant influence on organizational commitment, organizational commitment has a positive and significant influence on the performance of education personnel, organizational commitment is able to mediate the influence of organizational culture on the performance of private university education personnel in Banten Province.
Analysis of Revisit Intention Through Memorable Tourism Experiences and Visitor Satisfaction Influenced by Visitor Engagement in Banyuwangi Tourism Destinations
This study aims to examine the impact of visitor engagement on revisit intention, mediated by memorable tourism experiences and visitor satisfaction in tourism destinations across Banyuwangi Regency. This quantitative research employed a survey design, with a sample determined using convenience sampling. A total of 200 visitors participated in the study. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with an emphasis on path analysis and standard coefficients. The model met the required thresholds of 0.7 for Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability, as well as 0.5 for average variance extracted, indicating strong validity and reliability. Path analysis showed direct effects of visitor engagement on memorable tourism experiences and visitor satisfaction, as well as significant effects of memorable tourism experiences and visitor satisfaction on revisit intention. Moreover, visitor engagement indirectly influenced revisit intention through both mediators. These findings offer insights into the factors shaping visitor loyalty and destination competitiveness, particularly within Banyuwangi’s tourism sector. Understanding the importance of visitor engagement and memorable experiences can help tourism stakeholders develop more effective strategies to enhance visitor satisfaction and encourage repeat visitation.
Sustainable Green Material Applied in Architecture Building
In response to the growing urgency of environmental sustainability, this literature review explores the implementation of green building principles, sustainable architectural strategies, and the use of refurbished materials within the Indonesian architectural context. By synthesizing findings from recent academic journals and case studies, the paper identifies prevailing design approaches, evaluates the integration of passive and active environmental systems, and examines the socio-cultural and climatic considerations unique to Indonesia. The review also highlights the challenges of adopting sustainable practices, including regulatory limitations, cost constraints, and material availability, while uncovering opportunities for innovation through vernacular adaptation and circular design. This study aims to provide architects and design professionals with a comprehensive understanding of current trends and critical insights to inform future sustainable architectural practices in Indonesia. However, significant challenges remain, including limited comprehensive regulations, high initial investment costs, limited certified human resources, and a suboptimal supply chain for refurbished materials. Development opportunities lie in fiscal incentives, strengthening national standards, cross-sector collaboration, and integrating local wisdom and recycling technology innovation. Case studies and post-occupancy performance evaluations highlight the importance of ongoing monitoring and design adaptation to Indonesia's tropical climate. The review recommends strengthening regulations, professional education, and further research related to life-cycle assessment and the development of sustainable local materials to support the green architecture agenda in Indonesia. These findings serve as a reference for architects in integrating sustainability principles, material innovation, and socio-cultural adaptation into current and future Indonesian architectural design practices.
Analysis of The Influence of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Culture on The Performance of Civil Servants Through Public Innovation in The Pamekasan Regency Government
This study aims to analyze the influence of transformational leadership and organizational culture on the performance of Civil Servants (PNS), both directly and indirectly through public innovation in the Pamekasan Regency Government. The research method used is quantitative with a survey approach. Data were collected through questionnaires from 126 Civil Servants, who served as respondents, and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS. The results prove that: (1) Transformational leadership and organizational culture have a direct positive and significant effect on Civil Servant performance; (2) Transformational leadership and organizational culture have a direct positive and significant effect on public innovation; (3) Public innovation has a direct positive and significant effect on Civil Servant performance; and (4) Public innovation partially mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational culture with Civil Servant performance. The conclusion of this research affirms that to improve Civil Servant performance, the Pamekasan Regency Government needs to strengthen the application of transformational leadership, build a conducive organizational culture, and actively encourage public innovation. Public innovation serves as a strategic mechanism that translates leadership values and organizational culture into tangible performance improvements.
Tourist Attraction Strategy in Cultural and Historical Tourism Destination: A Case Study of Phnom Preah Reach Troap in Kandal Province, Cambodia
The tourism sector is a vital industry that supports the global economy and is recognized by nations like Cambodia as a primary engine of national economic development. This research investigates the effectiveness of tourist attraction strategies at Phnom Preah Reach Troap (Oudong Mountain), a significant cultural and historical heritage site in Kandal Province. The primary objective is to identify key factors influencing tourist attractions and provide strategic recommendations for sustainable growth. Utilizing a quantitative research approach, data were collected through purposive sampling from 120 participants, including tourists, local entrepreneurs, and authorities. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 26, focusing on descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis. The study examined six independent variables: infrastructure, safety and security, service quality, environmental factors, marketing, and event creation. Findings revealed significant positive correlations between all independent variables and the overall attraction strategy. Safety and security emerged as the most influential factor (r = .775), followed by marketing (r = .733) and event creation (r = .722). The research concludes that a holistic strategy integrating safety, infrastructure, and digital promotion is essential for enhancing the site’s competitiveness. Recommendations include prioritizing safety measures, improving physical infrastructure, and expanding digital marketing efforts.
Optimizing Employee Work Effectiveness through Communication and Coordination in the Room Division of the Savana Hotel and Convention Malang
Savana Hotel and Convention Malang is a four-star hotel equipped with supporting facilities. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the effect of communication and coordination on employee work effectiveness, both partially and simultaneously. This study is explanatory research. The population in this study comprised all 64 employees of the room division at the Savana Hotel and Convention, and the research sample was saturated, meaning all members of the population were included. The data analysis techniques used in this study included testing the research instrument, multiple linear regression, and hypothesis testing. The results of this study showed that communication did not affect employee work effectiveness, while coordination did. Communication and coordination jointly influenced employee work effectiveness. Of these two variables, coordination proved to be the dominant influence on employee work effectiveness. This indicates that in an organization, coordination between individuals and departments is necessary to improve employee work effectiveness. In conclusion, communication and coordination play an important role in improving employee work effectiveness, thereby advancing the Company's ultimate goal.
The Effectiveness of Viral Marketing and Social Media Marketing in Increasing Tourism Interest in the Kayutangan Heritage, Malang City
This study examines the influence of viral marketing and social media marketing on visit intention to Kampung Heritage Kayutangan, one of Malang City's most prominent cultural destinations. As heritage-based tourism continues to grow, digital promotional strategies have become crucial for engaging modern travelers seeking meaningful and authentic experiences. The research adopts an explanatory quantitative approach to identify the partial and simultaneous effects of both marketing variables on visitors' intention to visit. A total of 68 respondents were selected through purposive sampling, targeting individuals who had never visited the destination but showed interest in doing so. Data were analyzed using instrument validity tests, reliability tests, and multiple linear regression. The findings indicate that all research instruments were valid and reliable. Viral and social media marketing demonstrated significant positive effects on visit intention, partially and simultaneously. The regression model yields an Adjusted R² of 0.768, indicating that 76.8% of the variance in visit intention is explained by the two variables. The results highlight the importance of developing engaging digital content and strengthening social media presence to enhance promotional visibility. This study contributes to tourism marketing literature by emphasizing the effectiveness of digital promotion in cultural heritage destinations.
Village Fund Allocation in Realizing Good Governance: An Implementation Study of Village Fund Allocation Management in 2024 Based on Malang Regency Regulation Number 2 Of 2020 in Ampeldento Village, Karangploso District, Malang Regency
This study analyzes the implementation of the Village Fund Allocation (ADD) policy in Ampeldento Village, Karangploso District, Malang Regency, and examines how the implementation aligns with the principles of good governance. The study was motivated by several challenges found in the field, including delays in administrative capacity and uneven participation among community members. Using Edward III’s policy implementation model covering communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure, this research provides a comprehensive assessment of the ADD management process. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation involving village officials, community institutions, and local facilitators. The results show that the ADD implementation in Ampeldento Village generally runs effectively, supported by adequate human resources, the use of the Siskeudes financial system, and strong coordination among stakeholders. However, challenges remain in synchronizing reporting timelines and improving administrative consistency among activity units. The implementation also reflects the principles of good governance, particularly transparency, accountability, and community participation, as demonstrated by the 98.34% budget realization rate in 2024. This study contributes to strengthening village-level financial governance and offers recommendations for improving administrative performance and community engagement.
Beyond Brand Image: Why Customer Satisfaction is the Real Key to Loyalty at Superindo
The retail industry in Indonesia is characterized by fierce competition, requiring robust strategies to retain customers. This study aims to analyze the structural relationship between Brand Image and Customer Loyalty, with Customer Satisfaction serving as a mediating variable, specifically within the context of Superindo supermarkets. The research addresses the critical need to understand how brand perception translates into sustainable behavioral loyalty. Using a quantitative research approach, primary data were collected from customers at a Superindo outlet. The collected data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the hypothesized direct and indirect relationships. The empirical results demonstrate that Brand Image has a positive and significant direct impact on Customer Loyalty (β = 0.540). Furthermore, Brand Image significantly influences Customer Satisfaction (β=0.700), which, in turn, positively affects Customer Loyalty (β=0.382). A pivotal finding of this research is the confirmation of a significant partial mediation effect (β = 0.267), in which Customer Satisfaction bridges the relationship between Brand Image and Customer Loyalty. The proposed model exhibits substantial explanatory power, explaining 72.5% of the variance in Customer Loyalty. These findings imply that relying solely on a strong brand image is insufficient; retail managers must simultaneously prioritize operational strategies that enhance customer satisfaction to effectively validate the brand promise and secure long-term loyalty.
The Mediating Role of Customer Satisfaction in the Relationship Between Perceived Ease of Use and Online Ticket Repurchase Intention in Indonesia
This study aims to analyze the mediating roles of customer satisfaction and trust in the relationship between perceived ease of use and online ticket repurchase intention in Indonesia. As digital penetration continues to increase within the travel and entertainment industries, understanding the factors that influence customer loyalty has become increasingly important. This research adopts a quantitative approach, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to users of online ticketing services across various regions of Indonesia. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine both direct and indirect relationships among the variables. The results indicate that perceived ease of use has a significant positive effect on repurchase intention. Furthermore, customer satisfaction was found to mediate the relationship between perceived ease of use and repurchase intention. These findings highlight the importance of fostering customer satisfaction to enhance repurchase intention within the digital ecosystem. The practical implications of this study emphasize the need for online ticketing platforms to be user-friendly, functional, and competitive, while implementing customer experience-oriented strategies to build long-term customer loyalty.
The Influence of Ethnocentrism and Social Culture on the Performance of Local Government Agencies in Serang Regency
This study aims to analyze the effects of ethnocentrism and social culture on the performance of local government agencies in Serang Regency. The research employed a quantitative approach. The population consisted of all residents of Serang Regency aged between 20 and 60 years, totaling 932,137 individuals. A sample of 156 respondents was selected using proportional random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to residents of Serang Regency. The collected data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method, which was implemented through the AMOS software program. The results indicate that ethnocentrism has a positive and significant effect on the performance of local government agencies. Furthermore, social culture also has a positive and significant effect on the performance of local government agencies.