Motivation Effect on UMKM Performance in Banjarmasin City: Overview of Locus of Control as a Contingency Factor

Titien Agustina, Grahita Chandrarin, Abdul Manan

Abstract


Globalization affects business and their proprietors, including Micro, Small and MediumEnterprises (MUMKM). This requires businessmen to be responsive, ready to change andadapt to the change itself as business competition is fierce. Should businessman does not makechanges and fix their motivation and character in these conditions, it will have an impact onachieved business performance. Should businessman does not want to change, they would berun over by changes itself. In order for the business/company to survive, a businessman musthave the carrying capacity of character/personality to face the business environment pressure.The self-carrying capacity is the most important aspect. It is the motivation of a UMKM actorto produce a good performance. In addition, this study also reviews the locus of control as acontingency factor that affects business performance. This study aims to analyze the influenceof motivation on UMKM performance in Banjarmasin by reviewing locus of control as acontingency factor. This study used 100 businessmen possessing status as manager and orUMKM business owners in Banjarmasin City as samples. Data collection process utilizedquestionnaires method. Data were collected and processed using moderating regressionanalysis (MRA) and interaction regression between variables. Research results exhibitedmotivation and locus of control possessing a positive effect on business performance. Howeverthe locus of control as a contingency factor which does not prove to be moderating betweenthe motivations of business performance.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Amstrong, M. 2004. Performance Management. Terjemahan: Tugu Publisher. Nyutran, Yogyakarta.

Anomsari, Ariati, dan Mahmud. 2011. Peningkatan Kinerja Perusahaan Pada Usaha Kecil Menengah Batik Wanita di Pekalongan. Jurnal Dian Vol.11 No.3 September, pp. 215-231.

As’ad, Moh. 1998. Psikologi Industri: Seri Ilmu Sumber Daya Manusia. Edisi Ketiga. Penerbit Liberty, Yogyakarta.

Bappeda Kota Banjarmasin. 2015. Data Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah Kota Banjarmasin. Pemerintah Daerah Kota Banjarmasin.

Bello, A. T. 2001. Validating Rotter’s 1966. Locus of Control Scale With a Sample of Not For Profit Leader. Management Research News. 24: 25-34.

Bernardin, H. John dan J.E.A. Russel. 2003. Human Resources Management. Singapore: McGraw Hill.

Brahmasari, 2008. Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Kepemimpinan dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan serta Dampaknya pada Kinerja Perusahaan (Studi Kasus pada PT. Pei Hai International Wiratama Indonesia). Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan. Vol. 10. No.2, September 2008, pp. 124-135.

Brownell, Peter. 1982. The Role of Accounting Data In Performance Evaluation, Budgetary Participation, and Organizational Effectiveness, Journal of Accounting Research, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 12 – 27, Spring, Printed in USA.

--------------------, 1983. Leadership Style, Budgetary Participation and Managerial Behavior, Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 307 – 321.

Bygrave, D. William, 1996. The Fortable MBA Entrepreneurship. Penerbit Andi Tandur, Jakarta.

Cooper, Donald R., dan Pamela S. Schindler, 2008. Business Research Methods, Edisi Kesepuluh, Mc.Graw Hill.

Dumitriu, Constanta; Timofti, Iulia Cristina; Nechita, Elena; Dumitriu, Gheorghe. 2014. The Influence of the Locus of Control and Decision-making Capacity upon the Leadership Style. Jurnal Procedia, pp. 494-499.

Fahmi, Irham. 2010. Manajemen Kinerja: Teori dan Praktek. Alfabeta, Bandung.

Ferdinand, Augusty. 2005. Structural Equation Modeling dalam Penelitian Manajemen. Fakultas Ekonomi UNDIP, Badan Penerbit – UNDIP, Semarang.

Gerungan, WA. 2000. Psikologi Sosial. Bandung: Refika Aditama.

Hadjimonalis, Anthanasios. 2000. An Investigation of Innovation Antecedent in Small Firms in The Context of A Small Developing Country. Journal of R & D Management. Vol. 30 (3). pp. 235-245.

Homell, J. M. dan Avolio, Bruce J. 1993. “Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership, Locus of Control and Support for Innovation: Key Predictors of Consolidated – Business Unit Performance”. Journal of Applied Business Psychology. No. 78, Juni.

Huda, Machwal. 2014. Pengaruh Budaya Kerja, Kepemimpinan Transformasional, dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Motivasi Kerja serta Kinerja Pengusaha Anggota Koperasi Sub Sektor Industri Tas dan Koperasi di Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Disertasi. Universitas Merdeka, Malang.

Iderus, M.S., 1999. Strategy Pengembangan Kewirausahaan (Entrepreneurship) dan Peranan Perguruan Tingi dalam Rangka Membangun Keunggulan Bersaing (Competitive Advantgage) Bangsa Indonesia pada Millenium Ketiga, Pidato Pengukuhan Guru Besar dalam Ilmu Manajemen, 6 Maret 1999, Unibraw, Malang.

Istanto, Yuni. 2010. Pengaruh Strategi Keunggulan Bersaing dan Positioning terhadap Kinerja: Survey pada Koperasi Serba Usaha di Kabupaten Sleman Jogyakarta. Bulletin Ekonomi, Vol.8 (2). pp.124-135.

Jauch, L. R., dan Glueck, W. F. 1988. Business Policy and Strategic Management. New York. Mc. rawHill.

Jeaning, Peter. dan Beaver, Graham. 1997. The Performance and Competitive Advantage of Small Firms A Management Prospective. International Small Business Journal. Vol. 15 (2). pp.63-75.

Kreitner R., dan Kinicki A. 2000. Organizational Behavior. Penerbit Salemba Empat, Jakarta.

Lee, D. Y. dan Tsang, E. W. K. 2001. “The Effect of Entrepreneurial Personality Background and Network Activities on Venture Growth”. Journal of Management Studies. Vol. 38 (4). pp. 583-602.

Majeed, Sadia. 2011. “The Impact of Competitive Advantage on Organizational Performance”. European Journal of Business and Management. Vol. 3(4). pp.191-195.

McClelland, David C. 1961. The Achieving Society. New Jersey: D Van Nortrand Company, Inc.

_____________. 1985. Human Motivation. Illionis. Scott, Foresman & Company

Miller D., M. Kets de Vries, and J. Toulouse. 1982. “Top Executive Locus of Control and Its Relationship to Strategy-Making-Structure and Environment.” Academy of Management Journal: Vol. 25. Pp. 237 - 253.

Moeheriono. 2012. Pengukuran Kinerja Berbasis Kompetensi. Penerbit PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, Jakarta.

Pinder, CC. 1988. Work Motivation in Organzational Behavoiur. Upper Saddle River, NY: Prentice Hall.

Prakosa, Bagas. 2005. Pengaruh Orientasi pasar, Inovasi dan Orientasi Pembelajaran terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan untuk Mencapai Keunggulan Bersaing (Studi Empiris pada Industri Manufaktur di Semarang). Jurnal Studi Manajemen dan Organisasi, Vol. 2 No. 1, Januari 2005, pp. 35-57.

Riani, Asri Laksmi, 2014. Peran Locus of Control, Kebutuhan Berprestasi dan Entrepreneurship. Jurnal Bisnis & Manajemen. Vol. 14 No. 1, pp. 1-14.

Robbins, Stephen P. 2003. Organizational Behavior, Concepts, Controversies and Applications. Ten Edition, New Jersey, Prentice Hall International, Inc New York.

Robbins, Stephen P. dan Judge, Timothy A. 2013. Organizational Behavior, Concepts, Controversies and Applications. Tenth Edition, New Jersey, Prentice Hall International, Inc New York.

Rotter, J. B. 1966. Generalized Expectancies for Internal versus External Control of Reinforcement. Journal Psychological iWonographs. Vol. 80, pp. 1-28.

Rue, L. W. dan Byars, L. 1997. Management: Theory and Aplication. Homewood Illionis: Richard D. Irwin. Inc.

Sandjoyo, Imam. 2004. Pengaruh Lingkungan Usaha, Sifat Wirausaha dan Motivasi Usaha terhadap Pembelajaran Wirausaha, Kompetensi Wirausaha dan Pertumbuhan Usaha Kecil di Jawa Timur. Disertasi. Universitas Brawijaya Malang.

Sangen, Mariati. 2005. Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan, Orientasi Pasar dan Budaya terhadap Kinerja Usaha Kecil Etnis Cina, Bugis, Jawa dan Banjar: Studi pada Industri Pengolahan Pangan di Kalimantan Selatan. Disertasi. Universitas Brawijaya, Malang.

Sanusi, Anwar. 2014. Metodologi Penelitian Bisnis. Penerbit Salemba Empat. Jakarta.

Schiffman, Michael, dan Leslie, Frank. 1997. Personnel Management of Human Resources. United State of America: Merill Publishing Company.

Subagyo. 2013. Pengaruh Karakter, Pembelajaran dan Kompetensi Wirausahawan terhadap Keunggulan Bersaing dan Implikasinya terhadap Kinerja Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah di Kota Kediri. Disertasi. Universitas Merdeka, Malang.

Sumantri, Bayu; Fariyanti, Anna; Winandi, Ratna. 2013. Faktor-faktor Berpengauh terhadap Kinerja Usaha Wirausaha Wanita: Suatu Studi pada Industri Pangan Rumahan di Bogor. Jurnal School of Business and Management Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Unit Research and Knowledge, Vol.12 No.3 pp, 252-277

Sunjoyo; Setiawan, Rony; Carolina, Verani; Magdalena, Nonie; Kurniawan, Albert. 2013. Aplikasi SPSS untuk Smart Riset (Program IBM SPSS 21,0). Bandung: Alfabeta.

Sutanto, Eddy M., dan Eliyana, Anis. 2014. The Study of Entrepreneurial Characteristics with Achievement Motivation and Attitude as the Antecedent Variables. International Refereed Research Journal. Vol.–V, Issue – 4, Oct. 2014, pp.125-134.

Tamizharasi, G., dan Panchnatham, N., 2010. Sikap Kewirausahaan di Kalangan Pengusaha Kecil dan Menengah. International Journal of Inovasi, Management, and Teknologi. Vol. 1. Issue 4, pp. 354 -356.

Taormina, R. J., dan Lao, S. K. 2007. Measuring Chinese Entreprenurial Motivation: Personaliity and Environmental Influences. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research. Vol 13. Pp. 200 – 221.

Turker, Malik Volkan; Inel, Mehmet Nuri. 2012. The Effect of Locus of Control Orientation on Perceived Individual Innovativeness: An Empirical Reserarch in Turkey. Jurnal Procedia, pp. 879-888.

Wheelen, Thomas L. dan Hunger, J. David. 1995. Strategic Management and Business Policy. Fifth Edition. Addison Wesley Publishing Company.

Wiklund, J., dan Shepherd, D. 2003. “Knowledge-based Resources, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and The Performance of Small and Medium Sized Business”. Strategic Management Journal, 24. pp. 1307-1314.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/icgss.v1i1.1854

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.