Efforts of Leaders in Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) to Cultivate Innovation in Public Services

Fathur Rahman; Wawan Sobari; Ibnu Asqori Pohan

doi:10.26905/pjiap.v7i2.8447

Efforts of Leaders in Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) to Cultivate Innovation in Public Services

Fathur Rahman, Wawan Sobari, Ibnu Asqori Pohan

Abstract

In recent years, innovation has become an instrument to improve the quality of services to the public. From year to year, the number of participants from innovation competitions was increased. However, after the competition over, innovation does not developed and tends to wither or even die. Therefore, there must be an effort made by leaders in every Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD). This study aimed to explain the efforts made by leaders in local governance organizations to cultivate innovation in public service. The data in this paper were collected through observations to each service unit, interviews with leaders, technical managers of innovation units in each OPD and a study of documentation of regional innovation data base reports. The findings, leaders must have a commitment to the institutions and employees to innovate; leaders who are adaptive and dare to take risks; accepts user’s complaints so they changed; collaborate and integrate with stakeholders to designed the public service innovation. Innovation is the result of collective work; leaders and employees have an influence on the sustainability of public service innovation.

Keyword: Leaders, Regional Apparatus Organizations, Innovate, Public Service

Full Text:

PDF

References

Altchuler, A. and Behn, R. (1997). Innovation and public management: Notes from the state house and city hall. In R. Altchuler, A. and Behn (Ed.), Innovation in American Government. Brookings Institution Press.

Arundel, A., Bloch, C. & Ferguson, B. (2019). Advancing innovation in the public sector: Aligning innovation measurement with policy goals. Research Policy, 48, 789–798.

Asmara, A.Y. & Rahayu, A. Y. . (2020). Innovation in delivering public health service: Practice in Banyuwangi Regency-Indonesia. Global Journal Business and Social Review, 8(1), 12–21.

Borins, S. (2002). Leading and innovation in the public sector. Leadership & Innovation, 23(8), 467–476.

Borins, S. (2008). Innovations in Government: Research, Recognition and Replication. Brookings Institution Press.

Brandao, T. & Bagattaolli, C. (2017). Best practices’ as mimesis? Innovation policies in peripheral countries. In D. Godin, B & Vinck (Ed.), Critical Studies of Innovation: Alternative Approach to the Pro-Innovation Bias (p. 48). Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc.

Chesbrough, H. (2003). The era of open innovation. MIT Sloan Management Review, 44(3), 34–51.

Colleti, M. & Landoni, P. (2018). Collaboration for innovation: a meta-study of relevan typologies, governance and policies. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 7(5–6), 493–509.

Creswell, J. (2010). Reserach Design: Pendekatan Kualitatif, Kuantitatif dan Mixed (Kesatu). Pustaka Pelajar.

de la Mothe, J. (2002). Policy Network in Adaptive innovation systems. In de la Mothe and A.N. Link (Ed.), Network, Alliances and Partnership in the Innovation Process. Kluwer Academic Publisher.

Dente, B. & Colleti, P. (2011). Measuring governance in urban innovation. Italy Local Government Studies Journal, 37(1), 43–56.

DeRue C. & W. Karam. (2010). When too little or too much hurts: Evidence for curvilinear relationship between task conflict and innovation in teams. Journal of Management Research.

Dess, G & Picken, J. (2001). Changing roles: Leadership in the 21st century. Organizational Dynamics, 28, 18–34.

Eisenbeiss, S.A., D. V. K. & S. B. (2008). Transformational leadership and team innovation: Integrating team climate principles. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(6), 1438.

Erdogan, B., & Bauer, T. . (2005). Enhacing career benefit of employee proactive personality: The role of fit with jobs and organizations. Personnel Psychology, 58(4), 859–891.

Esterhuizen, D., Du Toit, A., & Schutte, C. (2012). A Knowledge Management framework to grow innovation capability maturity. South African Journal of Information Management, 14(1), 1–10.

Ezell, S.J. & Atkinson, R. . (2010). The good, the bad, and the ugly (and the self-destructive) for innovation policy: A policy maker’s guide to crafting effective innovation policy.

Farnham, D. & Horton, S. (1996). Contiunity and Change in the Public Service. In S. Farnham, D. & Horton (Ed.), Managing people in the public services (pp. 3–42). McMillan Press.

FISIPOL. (2018). Inovasi pelayanan publik pada kurun 2014-2017.

Fossati, D. (2016). Beyond”good governance”: The multi-level politics of Health Insurance for the Poor in Indonesia. World Development, 87, 291-306.

Frese, M., & F. D. (2001). Personal initiative: An active performance concept for work in the 21st Century. Research in Organizational Behavior, 23(8), 133–187.

Gault, F. (2018). Defining and Measuring innovation in all sectors of the economy. Research Policy, 47, 617–622.

Godin, B. & V. D. (2017). Introduction: Innovation-form the forbidden to a cliché. In In Critical Studies Innovation: Alternative Approaches to the Pro-Innovation Bias (p. 2). Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc.

Gurtoo, A. & William, C. (2015). Public service delivery-An integrative framework. In C. Gurtoo, A. & William (Ed.), Developing country perspective on public service delivery (pp. 271–287). Springer.

Hague, R & Harrop, M. (1992). Comparative government and politics: An Introduction. McMillan Press.

Halvorsen, T., Hauknes, J. Miles, I., & Roste, R. (2008). On the differences between public and private sector innovations.

Hamel. (2000). Leading the revolution. Harvard Business School Press.

Hartley, J. (2013). Public and Private Features of Innovation. In S.P Osborne & L. Brown (Ed.), Handbook of Innovation in Public Services (pp. 44–59). Cheltenham.

Hartley, J. & D. J. (2007). The shining lights? Public service awards as an approach to service improvement. Public Administration, 85, 329–353.

Helmi, R. . (2020). Knowledge Management Enabler (KME) to promote innovation capabilities in public R & D Centers in Indonesia. The Asian Journal of Technology Management, 13(2), 98–112.

Hill, L.,G. Brandeu, E. Truelove, & K. L. (2014). Collective Genius. Harvard Business Review, 92(6), 94–102.

Imanuddin, M. & Hartini, S. (2014). Top 99 Inovasi Pelayanan Publik Indonesia Tahun 2014. Pustaka Grafiti.

Jenssen, O. (2003). Innovative behavior and job involment at the price of conflict and less satisfactory relations with co-workers. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76(3), 347–364.

Juliantara, D. (2006). Desentralisasi, Kerakyatan. Pondok Edukasi.

Kanter, R. (2001). Creating in the culture for innovation. In S. F.Goldsmith (Ed.), Leading for innovation (pp. 73–85).

Katz, D. (1964). The Motivational basis of organizational behavior. Behavioral Science, 9(2), 131–133.

Kaufmann, W., Taggart, G., Bozeman, B. (2019). Organizational Delay, Red Tape and Organizational Performance. Public Performance & Management Review, 42(3), 529–553.

Kemenpan & RB. (2014). Top 99 Inovasi pelayanan publik Indonesia.

Kemenpan & RB. (2018). Top 99 Inovasi pelayanan publik Indonesia.

Kemenpan & RB. (2021). Top 99 Inovasi pelayanan publik Indonesia.

Kivleniece, I. & B. Q. (2012). Creating and capturing value in public private ties: A private actor’s perspective. Academy of Management Review, 37, 272–299.

Kjaer, A. (2004). Governance. Polity Press.

Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi RI. (2017). Survei Penilaian Integritas.

Lauer. R.H. (2004). Perspektif tentang perubahan sosial. Rineka Cipta.

Le Pine, J.A., & Van Dyne, L. (2001). Voice and cooperative behavior as contrasting forms of contextual performance: Evidence of differential relationship with Big Five personality characteristics and Cognitive ability. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(2), 326–336.

Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory in Social Science selected Theoretical Papers. Harper and Row.

Lovelace, K., Shapiro, D.L., & W. L. R. (2001). Maximizing cross-functional new product teams’ innovativemenss and constraint adherence: A conflict communications perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 44(4), 779–793.

Lundvall, B. . & B. J. (1994). Learning economy. Journal of Industry Studies, 1(2), 23–42.

McGill,M.E., & Slocum Jr., J. . (1993). Unlearning the organization. Organizational Dynamics, 22(2), 67–79.

McIntyre. A. (2003). The power of institutions. Cornell University Press.

Michaelis, B. (2009). Transformational and Charismatic Leadership-Effects on Performance Outcome: An Analysis of Linking Mechanism and Boundary Conditions.

Miron-Spektor, E., Erez, M., & Naveh, E. (2011). The effect of conformist and attentive-to detail members on team innovation: Reconciling the innovation paradox. Academy of Management Journal, 54(4), 740–760.

Morrison, E.W., Wheeler-Smith, S.L., & Kamdar, D. (2011). Speaking up in groups: A coed-level study of group voice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96, 183–191.

Mulgan, G & Albury, D. (2003). Innovation in the public sector.

OECD. (2017). Fostering innovation in the public sector. OECD Publishing.

Osborne, S. . (2013). A service-influenced approach to public servie innovation. In In Handbook of Innovation in Public Service. Edward Elgar Publishing.

Paquet. G. (2001). The new governance, subsidiarity and the strategic state. In Governance in the 21st Century. OECD Publishing.

Parker, S.K., William, H.M., & Turner, N. (2006). Modelling the antecedents of proactive behavior at work. Journal of Applied Psycology, 91(3), 636–652.

Podsakoff, P.M., Mackenzie, S.B., Paine, J. B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational citizenship behaviors: A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research. Journal of Management, 26(3), 513–563.

Ponchek, T. (2016). To collaborate or Not to Calloborate? A Study of the value innovation form a sectoral perspective. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 7(1), 43–79.

Pratama, A. B. (2020). The landcape of public service innovation in Indonesia: A comprehensive analysis of its characteristic and trend. Innovation and Management, 17(1), 25–40.

Pratikno. (2005). Good Governance dan Governability. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 3.

Putz, D., Schilling, J., Kluge, A., & Stangenberg, C. (2012). Measuring organizational learning from errors: Development and validation of an integrated model and questionnarie. Management Learning, 33, 511–536.

Rahman, F. & Tarigan, J. S. . (2020). Inovasi Pemerintahan: Menuju Tata Kelola Pemerintahan Daerah Ideal (Kesatu). Intrans Publishing.

Scopila, A & Zanfei, A. (2016). Governance and Innovation in public sector services: The case of the digital library. Government Information Quarterly, 33, 237–249.

Sekretariat Daerah. (2021). Data Base Inovasi Daerah.

Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research metodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339.

Soemarto, H. (2003). Inovasi, Partisipasi, dan Good Governance: 20 Prakarsa Inovatif dan Partisipatif di Indonesia. Yayasan Obor Indonesia.

Thurlings, M.,Arnoud, E., & Vermeulen, M. (2015). Toward a model of explaining teachers innovative behavior: A literature review. Review of Educational Research, 85(3), 430–471.

Tierney, P & Farmer, S. (2002). Creative self-efficacy: Its potential antecedents and relationship to creative performance. Academy of Management Journal, 45, 1137–1148.

Tierney, P & Farmer, S. (2011). Creative self-efficacy development and creative performance over time. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96, 277–293.

Torfing. J & P. Triantafillou. (2016). Enhacing public innovation by transforming public governance. Cambridge University Press.

Tsameti, A., Bellou, V.M., & T. (2021). Employee voice and innovative behavior in the public sector. International Journal of Public Administration.

Venus, M. D. S. & van K. (2019). Visions of change as visions of continuity. Academic of Management Journal, 62(2), 667–690.

Voet. J.V. der & Steijn. B. (2021). Team innovation trough collaboration: how visionary leadership spurs innovation via team cohesion. Public Management Review, 23(9), 1275–1294.

Wang, Y., W. V. & N. R. (2012). Exploring the impact of open innovation on national system of innovation-A Theoritical Analysis. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 7(3), 419–428.

Warwick, K. (2013). Beyond Industrial Policy: Emerging Issues and New Trends. In OECD Science (Vol. 2). OECD Publishing.

Wilson, J. (1989). Bureaucracy: What Government Agencies Do and Why They Do It. Basic Books.

Woodman, R., Sawyer, J and Griffin, R. (1993). Toward a theory of organizational creativity. Academy of Management Review, 18, 293–321.

Yan, Q., Bligh, M.C., & Kohles, J. . (2014). Absence makes the errors go longer: How leaders inhibit learning from errors. Journal of Psychology, 222, 233–245.

Zhao, B., & Olivera, F. (2006). Error reporting in organizations. Academy of Management Review, 31, 1012–1030.

Ziemnowicz, C. (2013). Joseph A. Schumpeter and Innovation. In E.G Carayannis (Ed.), Encyclopedia of creativity, invention, innovation and entrepreneurship (pp. 1171–1176). Springer.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/pjiap.v7i2.8447