Kepemimpinan Etis: Rahasia Menurunkan Stres Kerja dan Turnover Intention

Bonar Bangun Jeppri Napitupulu; Gusti Nyoman Budiadnyana; Muhammad Johan; Admiral Admiral; Dewiana Novitasari

doi:10.26905/jmdk.v9i1.5794

Kepemimpinan Etis: Rahasia Menurunkan Stres Kerja dan Turnover Intention

Bonar Bangun Jeppri Napitupulu, Gusti Nyoman Budiadnyana, Muhammad Johan, Admiral Admiral, Dewiana Novitasari

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effect of ethical leadership on turnover intention and to investigate the mediating effect of job stress on the employee of a garment industry in Indonesia. Data was collected from 184 returned questionnaires of samples taken by random sampling. The data were analysed using an SEM method with SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results of this study show that ethical leadership has a negative significant effect of job stress and employee turnover intention, job stress has a positive significant effect on turnover intention. This new research proposed a model for managing job stress and turnover intention among the employee of the garment industry in Indonesia through developing ethical leadership practice. This research could pave the way to improve employee readiness in facing the era of industrial revolution 4.0.

Keywords

Ethical Leadership, Job Stress, Turnover Intention.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Asbari, M. (2011). Kepemimpinan Transformasional: Landasan Menuju World Class Company. https://kangmasduki.com/2011/05/31/kepemimpinan-transformasional-landasan-menuju-world-class-company/

Asbari, M. (2020). Is transformational leadership suitable for future organizational needs?. International Journal of Sociology, Policy and Law (Ijospl), 1(01), 51–55.

Asbari, M., & Novitasari, D. (2020a). Pengaruh Kesiapan untuk Berubah di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Apa yang Dibutuhkan Pemimpin untuk Menjaga Kinerja. Jurnal Ekonomika: Manajemen, Akuntansi, Dan Perbankan Syari’ah, 9(2), 1–17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24903/je.v9i2.932

Asbari, M., & Novitasari, D. (2020b). The role of readiness for change on part-timer employee performance: Analysis of transformational leadership practice in convection industry. Journal of Communication Education (JOCE), 14(02).

Asbari, M., & Novitasari, D. (2021a). Pengaruh Aktivitas Berbagi Pengetahuan dan Mediasi Budaya terhadap Kemampuan Inovasi Guru. JMSP (Jurnal Manajemen Dan Supervisi Pendidikan), 5(1), 324–334.

Asbari, M., & Novitasari, D. (2021b). Pengaruh Authentic Leadership terhadap Mentalitas Siap Berubah dan Kinerja Pegawai Paruh Waktu. Business Management Journal, 17(1), 73–88. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30813/bmj

Asbari, M., Novitasari, D., Gazali, G., Silitonga, N., & Pebrina, E. T. (2020). Analisis Kesiapan untuk Berubah di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Perspektif, 18(2), 147–159. https://ejournal.bsi.ac.id/ejurnal/index.php/perspektif/article/view/8576

Asbari, M., Novitasari, D., & Goestjahjanti, F. S. (2020). Mempertahankan Kinerja Karyawan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Kasus pada Industri Ritel. JMK (Jurnal Manajemen & Kewirausahaan), 5(3), 183–203.

Asbari, M., Novitasari, D., Pebrina, E. T., & Santoso, J. (2020). Work-family conflict and employee performance during covid-19 pandemic: what is the role of mental readiness to change?. JPBM (Jurnal Pendidikan Bisnis Dan Manajemen), 6(2).

Asbari, M., & Prasetya, A. B. (2021). Managerial Coaching: Rahasia Membangun Kinerja, Komitmen Tim dan Modal Psikologis Guru. Edumaspul - Jurnal Pendidikan, 5(1), 490–506. https://ummaspul.e-journal.id/maspuljr/article/view/1248

Asbari, M., Purba, J. T., Hariandja, E. S., & Sudibjo, N. (2021a). From leadership to innovation: managing employee creativity. Jurnal Manajemen Strategi Dan Aplikasi Bisnis, 4(1), 143–154.

Asbari, M., Purba, J. T., Hariandja, E. S., & Sudibjo, N. (2021b). Membangun Kesiapan Berubah dan Kinerja Karyawan: Kepemimpinan Transformasional versus Transaksional. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 22(1), 54–71.

Babalola, M. T., Stouten, J., & Euwema, M. (2016). Frequent change and turnover intention: The moderating role of ethical leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 134(2), 311–322.

Brown, M. E., Treviño, L. K., & Harrison, D. A. (2005). Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97(2), 117–134.

Cahyono, Y., Novitasari, D., Sihotang, M., Aman, M., Fahlevi, M., Nadeak, M., Siahaan, M., Asbari, M., & Purwanto, A. (2020). The effect of transformational leadership dimensions on job satisfaction and organizational commitment: case studies in private university Lecturers. Solid State Technology, 63(1s), 158–184. http://www.solidstatetechnology.us/index.php/JSST/article/view/707

Cammann, C., Fichman, M., Jenkins, D., & Klesh, J. (1979). The Michigan organizational assessment questionnaire. Unpublished Manuscript, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 71–138.

Chin, W. (1998). The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling (E. Modern Methods for Business Research, In: G. A. Marcoulides (ed.)). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publisher.

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.

Elçi, M., Şener, İ., Aksoy, S., & Alpkan, L. (2012). The impact of ethical leadership and leadership effectiveness on employees’ turnover intention: the mediating role of work related stress. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58, 289–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.1003

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312

Ghozali, I. (2014). Structural Equation Modeling, Metode Alternatif dengan Partial Least Square (PLS) (4th ed.). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.

Goestjahjanti, S. F., Novitasari, D., Hutagalung, D., Asbari, M., & Supono, J. (2020). Impact of talent management, authentic leadership and employee engagement on job satisfaction: Evidence from south east asian industries. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(19), 67–88. http://www.jcreview.com/?mno=101983

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A primer partial least squaresstructural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). SAGE Publications.

Hair, Joe F, Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Mena, J. A. (2012). An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(3), 414–433.

Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Gudergan, S. P. (2017). Advanced issues in partial least squares structural equation modeling. saGe publications.

Harris, G. E., & Cameron, J. E. (2005). Multiple dimensions of organizational identification and commitment as predictors of turnover intentions and psychological well-being. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 37(3), 159–169. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/h0087253

Hung, R. Y.-Y., Lien, B. Y.-H., Fang, S.-C., & McLean, G. N. (2010). Knowledge as a facilitator for enhancing innovation performance through total quality management. Total Quality Management, 21(4), 425–438.

Iqbal, S., Ehsan, S., Rizwan, M., & Noreen, M. (2014). The impact of organizational commitment, job satisfaction, job stress and leadership support on turnover intention in educational institutes. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 4(2), 181. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v4i2.5906

Jong, J. P. J. D., & Hartog, D. N. Den. (2008). Innovative Work Behavior : Measurement and Validation. Scientific Analysis of Entrepreneurship and SMEs, November, 1–27.

Jumiran, Novitasari, D., Nugroho, Y. A., Sutardi, D., Sasono, I., & Asbari, M. (2020). Pengaruh Dimensi Kepemimpinan Transformasional terhadap Kepuasan Kerja dan Komitmen Organisasional: Studi Kasus pada Dosen Perguruan Tinggi Swasta. EduPsyCouns: Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 600–621.

Keller, D. (1984). Humor as Therapy. WI: Med-Psych Publications.

Lestari, B., Novitasari, D., Silitonga, N., & Asbari, M. (2020). The effect of recruitment and career development on the spirit of teachers’work performance in Mts Nurul Huda. Journal of Industrial Engineering & Management Research (JIEMAR), 1(2), 108–121.

Lin, C.-P., & Liu, M.-L. (2017). Examining the effects of corporate social responsibility and ethical leadership on turnover intention. Personnel Review.

Mullen, P. R., Malone, A., Denney, A., & Dietz, S. S. (2018). Job stress, burnout, job satisfaction, and turnover intention among student affairs professionals. College Student Affairs Journal, 36(1), 94–108. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1353/csj.2018.0006

Nazelina, M., Novitasari, D., Fikri, M. A. A., & Asbari, M. (2020). The effect of brand image, price and service quality on consumer decisions using delivery services. Journal of Industrial Engineering & Management Research (JIEMAR), 1(3), 135–147.

Negiş Işik, A. (2020). Ethical leadership and school effectiveness : The mediating roles of affective commitment and job satisfaction. International Journal of Educational Leadership and Management, 8(1), 60–87. https://doi.org/10.17583/ijelm.2020.4114

Novitasari, D., & Asbari, M. (2020a). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional terhadap Kinerja Karyawan: Peran Kesiapan untuk Berubah sebagai Mediator. Jurnal Manajemen, 10(2), 84–99.

Novitasari, D., & Asbari, M. (2020b). Urgensi Kepemimpinan dan Mentalitas Siap Berubah Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di Musim Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal REKOMEN (Riset Ekonomi Manajemen), 4(1), 66–80.

Novitasari, D., Asbari, M., & Sasono, I. (2021). Analisis Pengaruh Religiusitas dan Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap Kepuasan Kerja: Studi Kasus pada Karyawan Industri Manufaktur. Jurnal Manajemen Strategi Dan Aplikasi Bisnis, 4(1), 117–130.

Novitasari, D., Asbari, M., Wijayanti, L. M., Hyun, C. C., & Farhan, M. (2020). The role of religiosity, leadership style, job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior mediation on woman teachers’ performance. Solid State Technology, 63(6), 2953–2967. http://solidstatetechnology.us/index.php/JSST/article/view/3380

Novitasari, D., Goestjahjanti, F. S., & Asbari, M. (2020). The role of readiness to change between transformational leadership and performance: evidence from a hospital during Covid-19 Pandemic. APMBA (Asia Pacific Management and Business Application), 9(1), 37–56. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.apmba.2020.009.01.4

Novitasari, D., Hutagalung, D., Nugroho, Y. A., Pramono, T., Asbari, M., Nuryanti, Y., & Yuwono, T. (2020). Does genetic personality and parenting style influence students’ character building?. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(19), 119–129.

Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., Smith, D., Reams, R., & Hair Jr, J. F. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): A useful tool for family business researchers. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 5(1), 105–115.

Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2003). Research Methods For Business: A Skill Building Approach (Sixth edit). John Wiley and Sons, Inc.

Shafique, I., N Kalyar, M., & Ahmad, B. (2018). The nexus of ethical leadership, job performance, and turnover intention: The mediating role of job satisfaction. Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems: INDECS, 16(1), 71–87.

Shareef, R. A., & Atan, T. (2019). The influence of ethical leadership on academic employees’ organizational citizenship behavior and turnover intention: Mediating role of intrinsic motivation. Management Decision.

Singgih, E., Iskandar, J., Goestjahjanti, F. S., Fahlevi, M., Nadeak, M., Fahmi, K., Anwar, R., Asbari, M., & Purwanto, A. (2020). The role of job satisfaction in the relationship between transformational leadership, knowledge management, work environment and performance. Solid State Technology, 63(2s), 293–314. http://www.solidstatetechnology.us/index.php/JSST/article/view/1556

Sudiyono, R. N., Fikri, M. A. A., Asbari, M., Suroso, Nugroho, Y. A., & Singgih, E. (2020). The role of employee engagement in the relationship between authentic leadership, talent management and job satisfaction. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(5), 11809–11836. http://sersc.org/journals/index.php/IJAST/article/view/25377

Sudiyono, R. N., Goestjahjanti, F. S., Asbari, M., Agistiawati, E., Fayzhall, M., Yani, A., Winanti, W., Yuwono, T., Nurasiah, N., & Yulia, Y. (2020). Meningkatkan Komitmen dan Kinerja Dosen: Apa Peran Manajemen Perguruan Tinggi? EduPsyCouns: Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 337–352.

Suprapti, S., Asbari, M., Cahyono, Y., & Mufid, A. (2020). Leadership style, organizational culture and innovative behavior on public health center performance during Pandemic Covid-19. Journal of Industrial Engineering & Management Research, 1(2), 76–88.

Sutardi, D., Novitasari, D., Asbari, M., Silitonga, N., Nugroho, Y. A., Hutagalung, D., Mustofa, Chidir, G., Basuki, S., & Yuwono, T. (2020). Pengaruh Work-Family Conflict, Stres Kerja dan Social Support terhadap Kepuasan Kerja: Studi Kasus pada Guru Wanita di Tangerang. EduPsyCouns: Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 482–498. https://ummaspul.e-journal.id/Edupsycouns/article/view/513

Yang, H.-C., Ju, Y.-H., & Lee, Y.-C. (2016). Effects of job stress on self-esteem, job satisfaction, and turnover intention. Journal of Transnational Management, 21(1), 29–39.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/jmdk.v9i1.5794