Penggunaan criminal profiling dalam menentukan typology penjahat konvensional dan penjahat siber:systematic literature review

Dewi Purnama Sari; Yusti Probowati; Marry Philia Elisabeth; Ayuni Ayuni

doi:10.26905/jpt.v19i1.12154

Penggunaan criminal profiling dalam menentukan typology penjahat konvensional dan penjahat siber:systematic literature review

Dewi Purnama Sari, Yusti Probowati, Marry Philia Elisabeth, Ayuni Ayuni

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Criminal profiling in conventional crimes and cybercrimes makes an important contribution to law enforcement officials in finding patterns of criminal behavior, characteristics, and underlying motives for crime. This literature provides a brief overview of the history of the use of criminal profiling as a crime investigation tool and the development of investigative techniques used by investigators. The purpose of this literature study is to describe more broadly the typology used by profilers in categorizing conventional criminals and cybercriminals. The researcher uses the systematic literature review method in analyzing the data. Based on the systematic literature review, it is found that there are differences in the typology of conventional crimes and cyber crimes. This is due to differences in the media or tools used, modus operandi, motivation, and place of occurrence. The implications of the results of this study produce a new understanding of the differences in criminal typology whose function isto assist law enforcement officialsin uncovering criminal acts and preventive measures.

ABSTRAK

Criminal profiling pada kejahatan konvensional maupun kejahatan siber memberikan kontribusi penting bagi aparat penegak hukum dalam menemukan pola perilaku kejahatan, karakteristik, dan motif yang mendasari tindak kejahatan. Studi literature ini memberikan gambaran singkat tentang sejarah penggunaan criminal profiling sebagai alat investigasi kejahatan serta perkembangan teknik investigasi yang digunakan oleh tim penyelidik. Tujuan studi literature ini untuk mendeskripsikan lebih luas typology yang digunakan oleh para profiler dalam mengkategorikan penjahat konvensional maupun penjahat siber. Peneliti menggunakan metode systematic literature review dalam menganalisa data. Berdasarkan systematic literature
review, ditemukan adanya perbedaan typology pada kejahatan konvensional maupun kejahatan siber. Hal ini karena perbedaan media atau alat yang digunakan, modus operandi, motivasi serta tempat terjadinya perkara. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah pemahaman baru terkait adanya perbedaan typology penjahat yang fungsinya membantu aparat penegak hukum dalam mengungkap tindak pidana serta tindakan pencegahan.

Keywords

Criminal profiling, conventional crime, cyber-crime, typology, systematic literature review

Full Text:

PDF

References

Aydin, F., & Dirilen-Gumus, O. (2011). Development of a criminal profiling instrument. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 2612–2616.

Boaz Ganor (2021): A Typology of Terrorist Attacks: The “32 Profiles” Model, Studies in Conflict & Terrorism. https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2020.1868095

Cannell, M. (2017). Incendiary: The Psychiatrist, the Mad Bomber, and the Invention of Criminal Profiling. Minotaur Books.

Canter, D. v, Alison, L. J., Alison, E., & Wentink, N. (2004). The

organized/disorganized typology of serial murder: Myth or model Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 10(3), 293.

Chifflet, P. (2015). Questioning the validity of criminal profiling: An evidence-based approach. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 48(2), 238–255.

Christopher J. Koegl & David P. Farrington (2021): Advancing Knowledge about Motivations for Criminal Offending, Victims & Offenders. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2021.1895940

Dafna Tener, Janis Wolak & David Finkelhor (2015). A Typology of Offenders WhoUse Online Communications to Commit Sex Crimes Against Minors, Journal ofAggression, Maltreatment & Trauma. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2015.1009602

Fink, A. (2019). Conducting research literature reviews: From the internet to paper. Sagepublications.

Helfgott, J. B. (2013). The popular conception of the psychopath: Implications for criminal justice practice. Praeger/ABC-CLIO.

Higgs, T., Carter, A. J., Tully, R. J., & Browne, K. D. (2017). Sexual murder typologies: Asystematic review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 35, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2017.05.004.

Holmes, R. M., & Holmes, S. T. (1998). Serial murder.

Holmes, R. M., de Burger, J., & Holmes, S. T. (1988). Inside the mind of the serial murder. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 13(1), 1–9.

Holt, T. J. (2009). The attack dynamics of political and religiously motivated hackers. In Proceedings of the Cyber Infrastructure Protection Conference. City University of New York. http://www.arifyildirim.com/ilt510/thomas.holt.pdf

Hurlburt, R. T., & Knapp, T. J. (2006). Münsterberg in 1898, not Allport in 1937, introduced the terms ‘idiographic ‘and ‘nomothetic ‘to American psychology. Theory & Psychology, 16(2), 287–293.

Keppel, R. (2010). The riverman: Ted Bundy and I hunt for the Green River killer. SimonandSchuster. Marc Rogers, The role of criminal profiling in the computer forensics process, Computers& Security, Volume 22, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 292-298, ISSN 0167-4048, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-4048(03)00405-X.

Martineau, M., Spiridon, E., & Aiken, M. (2023). A Comprehensive Framework for Cyber Behavioral Analysis Based on a Systematic Review of Cyber Profiling Literature. Forensic Sciences, 3(3), 452–477.

Messori, L. R. (2016). Frequencies Between Serial Killer Typology and Theorized Etiological Factors. https://aura.antioch.edu/etds/316

Muller, D. A. (2000). Criminal profiling: Real science or just wishful thinking? Homicide Studies, 4(3), 234–264.

Payne, B. K. (2020). Defining cybercrime. The Palgrave Handbook of International Cybercrimeand Cyberdeviance, 3–25.

Phillips, K., Davidson, J.C., Farr, R.R., Burkhardt, C., Caneppele, S., & Aiken, M.P. (2022). Conceptualizing Cybercrime: Definitions, Typologies and Taxonomies. Forensic Science, 2(2), 379-398. https://doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci2020028

Rajan, A., & Aswathy, P. (2018). A Comparative Study on the Difference Between Conventional Crime and Cyber Crime. 1451-1464.

Rakestraw, D., & Cameron, B. (2019). Ted Bundy: The Development of a Serial Murderer

Reid, R., Dolp, R., Hassan, T., & Khalifa, N. (2023). Terrorism typologies and considerations for clinical practice in psychiatry. International Journal of Risk and Recovery, 6(1), 4-14. https://doi.org/10.59703/ijrr.v6i1.4-14

Ribeiro R. A. B., Soeiro C. B. B. M. (2021). Analyzing criminal profiling validity:Underlyingproblems and future directions. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 74, 101670.

Rogers, M.(2003). The role of criminal profiling in the computer forensics process. Computers & Security, 22(4), 292–298.

Shadach, E., Geller, S., Barak, M., Hill, I., & Azani, E. (2021). A psychological typology of terror organizations. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2021.101562

Sharma, M. (2018). The development of serial killers: A grounded theory study.

Tampomuri, F. J., Syauqillah, M., & Logahan, J. (2020). Terror Acts by Dr. Azahari of The Al-Jamaah Alislamiyah Organization: The Use of Signature Bombs.

Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Strategic and Global Studies, ICSGS 2019, 6-7 November 2019, Sari Pacific, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Triandini, E., Jayanatha, S., Indrawan, A., Werla Putra, G., & Iswara, B. (2019). Metode Systematic Literature Review untuk Identifikasi Platform dan Metode

Pengembangan Sistem Informasi di Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Information Systems, 1(2), 63–77. https://doi.org/10.24002/ijis.v1i2.1916

Turvey, B. E. (2008). Case linkage: Offender modus operandi and signature.

Turvey, B. E. (2011). Criminal profiling: An introduction to behavioral evidence analysis. Academic press.

Turvey, M. T., & Shaw, R. E. (1999). Ecological foundations of cognition. I: Symmetry and specificity of animal-environment systems. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 6(11–12), 95–110.

Van Aken, C.(2015). The use of criminal profilers in the prosecution of serial killers. THEMIS: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science, 3(1), 7.

Warikoo, A. (2021). The triangle model for cyber threat attribution. Journal of Cyber Security Technology, 5(3–4), 191–208.

Weulen Kranenbarg, M. (2018). Cyber-offenders versus traditional offenders: An empirical comparison. [PhD- Thesis – Research external, graduation internal, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/jpt.v19i1.12154