Pengaruh Ketidakpastian Lingkungan Terhadap Kinerja Bisnis dengan Strategic Flexibility sebagai Variabel Mediasi

Fahmia Nurbaity

doi:10.26905/jmdk.v5i1.1209

Pengaruh Ketidakpastian Lingkungan Terhadap Kinerja Bisnis dengan Strategic Flexibility sebagai Variabel Mediasi

Fahmia Nurbaity

Abstract

This purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the effect of environmental uncertainty on business performance, the effect of environmental uncertainty on strategic flexibility, and the effect of strategic flexibility to business performance. Strategic flexibility as a mediation variable. The design of this research is explanatory research. The research was conducted on the Small Real Estate Developers (REDs) in the region of Probolinggo. The analysis used is Partial Least Square (PLS). The variables in this study affect the observed variable and influenced by other variables without dealing directly with observable variables that uses second order. The results shows that there are influence between environmental uncertainty on business performance, environmental uncertainty on strategic flexibility, strategic flexibility to business performance, and strategic flexibility mediate environmental uncertainty on business performance. Nevertheless the mediating role of strategic flexibility in determining the magnitude of the influence of environmental uncertainty on business performance is smaller than the direct effect. The overall results of the study indicate that the combination of environmental uncertainty with complex state of uncertainty, effect uncertainty and response uncertainty underlies Small Real Estate Developers (REDs) in forming strategic flexibility, so it can correct or improve business performance.

https://doi.org/10.26905/jmdk.v5i1.1209

Keywords

environmental uncertainty, strategic flexibility, business performance, Small Real Estate Developers (REDs)

Full Text:

pdf

References

Arikunto, Suharsimi. 2004. Prosedur Penelitian: Pendekatan Praktis, Rineka Cipta, Bandung

Arnold, V., Benford, T., Canada, J., and Sutton, S. 2015. Leveraging integrated information systems to enhance strategic flexibility and performance: The enabling role of enterprise risk management. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems.Vol. 19 : 1–16.

Bastian, E. and Muchlish. M. 2012. Perceived Environment Uncertainty, Business Strategy, Performance Measurement Systems and Organizational Performance.Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences.Vol65: 787 – 792.

Bhimani, A. 2009. Risk management, corporate governance and management accounting: emerging interdependencies. Management Accounting Research Vol. 20: 2-5.

Boeker, W.B. (1989), “Strategic change: the effects of founding and history”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 32 No. 3 : 489-516.

Combe, I.A and Rudd, J.M. 2012.Antecedents to strategic flexibility management cognition, firm resources and strategic options.European Journal of Marketing.Vol. 46 No. 10. pp: 1320-1339

Cronbach LJ (1971) Test validation.In RL Thorndike (Ed),Educational measurement (2ndedn).American Council on Education, Washington, DC.

Darya, I.G. 2012.Pengaruh Ketidakpastian Lingkungan Dan Karakteristik Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kompetensi Usaha Dan Kinerja Usaha Mikro Kecil Di Kota Balikpapan.Jurnal Inovasi dan Kewirausahaan.Vol. 1 p:65-78

Dyne,V.L, Graham, J.W., and Dienesch, R.M., 1994. Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Construct Redefinition, Measurement, and Validation. Academic Management Journal. Vol 37 (4): 765-802.

Eisenhardt, K.M. 1989. Making fast strategic decisions in high velocity environment.Academy of Management Journal.Vol. 32 No. 3. pp: 543-76.

Ferdinand, Augusty ,(2006) Metode Penelitian Manajemen, Metode Penelitian untuk Penulisan Skripsi, Tesis, dan Disertasi Ilmu Manajemen, Edisi 2 Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponogoro, Semarang.

Fuller, Badden C. (2006). To conform or to perform: Mimetic behaviour, legitimacy-based groups and performance consequences. Journal of Management Studies, 7(43), 1559–1581.

Ghozali, I, dan Fuad, 2012, Structural Equation Modeling: Teori, Konsep dan Aplikasi dengan program LISREL 8.80, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang.

Hair, F.; Anderson, R.; Tatham, R.; Black, W.; Multivariate Data Analysis With Readings; 4th Ed.,Prentice-Hall International : London, 1995.

Hamel, G.Doz, Y.L. & Prahalad, C.K., 1989. Collaborate With Your Competitor and Win. Harvard Business Review, January-February: 133-139

Hatch, Jim and Jeffery Zweig. 2001. Strategic Flexibility: The key to growth. Ivey Business Journal.Vol. 65: 44-47

Herman, R. T, Manggala, M. P, Sutjiadi, A, Yusuf, A.M. 2008.Analisis strategic flexibilitydan penerapan standar Euro 2 terhadap pengembangan produk.Journal of Business Strategy and Execution Vol. 1 No.1 November: 55 - 74.

Herri and Wafa, S.A. 2003.The Influence of Internal and External Factors to the Performancer of Indonesian Small and Medium Enterprises.

Ho, Paul. 2014. An Exploratory Study Of The Impact Of Organizational Environments On Property Development Firms. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction. Vol. 19 No. 3, pp. 226-245.

Hopkins, W.E. and Shirley E.H. 1997. Strategic Planning-Financial Performance in Bank: A Causal Examination. Strategic Management Journal. Vol. 18 (8): 635-652.

Hunger, J.D. dan Wheelen, T.L. 2002.Strategic Management and Business Policy. Eight Edition, Pearson Education. New Jersey.

Jack, S.L. (2005), “The role, use and activation of strong and weak network ties: a qualitative analysis”, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 42, pp. 1233-1259. JOCM 272-294.

Jogiyanto, H.M., 2014, Konsep & Aplikasi PLS (Partial Least Square) untuk Penelitian Empiris, ANDI, Yogyakarta.

Kachra, Ariff and White, Roderick. 2008. Know-how transfer: The role of social, economic/competitive and firm boundary factors. Strategic Management Journal. Vol. 29 (4): 425-445

Karim, Suhartini, 2007, “Analisis Pengaruh Kewirausahaan Korporasi terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan pada Pabrik Pengolahan Crumb Rubber di Palembang”, Jurnal Manajemen & Bisnis Sriwijaya, Vol. 5, hal.42- 82.

Kasmir. 2008. Bank dan Lembaga Keuangan Lainnya. Edisi Revisi 2008. PT. Rajagrafindo Persada, Jakarta

Kock, N. (2010). Using WarpPLS in e-collaboration studies: An overview of five main analysis steps. International Journal of e-Collaboration, 6(4), 1-11.

Lau, T. Man, and Chow I. 2004. Organizational Capabilities and Performance of SMEs Dynamic and Stable Environments. Entrepreunership and Innovation. November: 354-371.

Li, Y., Liu, Y., Duan, Y., Li, M., 2008.Entrepreneurial orientation, strategic flexibilities and indigenous firm innovation in transitional China.International Journal of Technology Management.Vol: 41, 223–246.

Li, Y, L., Su, Z. and Liu, Y. 2010. Fast adaption, strategic flexibility and entrepreneurial roles.Chinese Management Studies. Vol. 5 No. 3, pp. 256-271.

Liang, J., Li, L. and Song, F. 2013. An explanation of capital structure of China’s listed property firms.Property Management. Vol. 32 No. 1, 2014 pp. 4-15

Luo, Y. 1999. Environment-Strategy-Performance Relations in Small Business in China: A Case of Township and Village Enter;prises in Southern China. Journal of Small Business Management. Jan 37 (1). ABI/INFORM Research: 103- 122.

Makhamreh, M. 2000. Corporate Performance in Jordan: A Study of the Banking Sector. Journal Review Vol. 2 (2).

Malhotra, K.N. 1999. Marketing Research An Appliend Orientation. Prentice-Hall International, Inc. New Jersey.

Milliken, F. J., 1987, Three Types of Perceived Uncertainty about Environment: State, Effect, and Response Uncertainty. Academy of Management Review 12: 133 – 143.

Nadkarni, S., Nareyanan, V.K., 2007. Strategic schemas, strategic flexibility, and firm performance: the moderating role of industry clockspeed. Strategic Management Journal 28, 243–270

Nazir, Salman., and Pinsonneault, Alain. 2012. IT and Firm Agility: An Electronic Integration Perspective. Journal of the Association for Information Systems. Vol. 13 : 150-171.

Patel PC, Fiet JO. 2010. Enhancing the internal validity of entrepreneurial experiments by assessing treatment effects at multiple levels across multiple trials. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 76(1): 127-140.

Pearce, J.A. and Robinson, Jr. R.B. 2003.Strategic Management: Formulation Implementation and Control. 8th Edition Mc. Graw Hill International Edition. Malaysia.

Pearce, J.A., Robbin D.K. and Robinson, Jr. R.B. 1987. The Impact of Grand Strategy and Planning Formality on Financial Performance. Strategy Management Journal. Vol. 8: 124-134.

Perez, V.F, Morales, V.J,and Pulles, D.C. 2016. Entrepreneurial decision-making, external social networks and strategic flexibility: The role of CEOs' cognition. European Management Journal . Vol 34 : 296 - 309.

Probolinggo Times.(2015, 5 Oktober).Apersi Kebut Pembangunan 1 Juta Rumah. Diperoleh 21 Juni 2016, dari http://www.probolinggotimes.com/peristiwa.htm

Purnama, Chamdan and Subroto W.P. 2016.Competition Intensity, Uncertainty Environmental on the use of Information Technology and its Impact on Business Performance Small and Medium Enterprises.International Review of Management and Marketing.Vol. 6(4): 984-992.

Purwanto, Arief. 2011. Ketidakpastian Lingkungan Bisnis Pengaruhnya dalam Budaya Organisasi.Jurnal Manajemen dan Akuntansi.Vol. 2, No. 2, Agustus 2013.

R. A. Supriyono, 1999, Manajemen Biaya : Suatu Reformasi Pengelolaan Bisnis, edisi pertama, cetakaan pertama, BPFE, Yogyakarta

Radar Bromo. 12 April, 2014. Evaluasi Kredit Bank Syariah Mandiri, hlm. 30.

Robert, N. and Stockport, J.G. 2009.Defining StrategicFlexibility.Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management.Vol.10 No. 1 page : 27-32. Australia

Rofiaty, (2012), Strategi Pengembangan UMKM Kerajinan Batik dan Jenang di Kabupaten Ponorogo Jawa Timur. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen FE Unibraw

Sanches, M. A., Vela-Jimenez, J.M., Perez-perez, M., de-Luis-Carnicer, P. Inter-organizational cooperation and environmental change: moderating effects between flexibility and innovation performance. British Journal of Management, in press.

Sekaran, Uma, 2003, Research for Methods for Bussiness, A Skill Building Approach, Fourth Edition, John Willey and Sons, Inc

Shane, S. and Kolvereid, L. 1995. National Environment, Strategy, and New Venture Performance: A Three Country Study. Journal of Small Business Management. Apr; 33 (2): 37-55.

Shimizu, K., and Hitt, M. A., 2004. Strategic flexibility: organizational preparedness to reverse ineffective strategic decisions. Academy of Management Executive. Vol. 18 No. 4

Sirmon, David. 2007. Managing resources in dynamic environments to create value : Looking inside the black box. Academy of Management Review.Vol 32 (1) : 273-292.

Soda, Giuseppe., Zaheer, Akbar., Carlone, Alessandra., 2008. Imitative behavior: Network antecedents and performance consequences. Advances in Strategic Management. Vol. 25:531-560

Sugiyono, 1999. Metode Penelitian Bisnis. Jakarta. Alfabeta.

Supriyanto, Eko. “Perbankan Syariah Mulai Jenuh”, Infobank Analisis - Strategi Perbankan & Keuangan. 2016. P.7.

Sutrisno, 2001. Manajemen Keuangan Teori, Konsep dan Aplikasi, Edisi Pertama. Cetakan Kedua, Ekonisia,. Tunggal, A. Widjaja, 1995,Yogyakarta

SWA. 2016. Seperti Apa Tren Konsumen Properti Saat Ini. Website.

Tangen, Stefan. 2004. Performance Measurement: from Philosophy to Practice. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management.Vol. 53 No. 8.

Thomas, B., Deshmukh, U.M., and Kumar, K.P. (2008).High Performing Organizations. New Delhi: McGraw Hill.

Timilsina, Binod. 2016. Does competitively distinct operation enable Performance in turbulent business environment? A study on finish SMEs.Management and Production Engineering Review.Vol. 7 No.3: 94-104.

Tushman, M.L. and O’Reilly, C.A. III. 1996. Ambidextrous organizations: managing evolutionary and revolutionary change. California Management Review. Vol. 38 No. 4, pp. 8-30.

UU No. 3/2014 Perumahan Rakyat

UU No. 21/2008 tentang Perbankan Syariah

Ward, P.T., Rebecca, D.G., Leong, K., dan Sum, C.C. 1995. Business Environment, Operation Strategy, and Performance: An Empirical Study of Singapore Manufactures. Journal of Operation Management, (13): 99-109.

Webb, J. and Dawson, P. (1991), “Measure for measure: strategic change in an electronics instruments corporation”, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 28 No. 2, pp. 191-206.

Wikipedia. 2016. Kabupaten dan Kota Probolinggo. Diperoleh 28 Juli 2016, dari http://www.wikipedia.com

Wixom, B.H,; Watson, H.J. An Empirical Investigation of Factors Affecting Data Warehousing. MIS Quarterly 2001, 25(1), 17-41

Yang, J., Zhang, F., Jiang, X,.and Sun, W.,. 2015. Strategic flexibility, green management, and firm competitiveness in an emerging economy. Technological Forecasting & Social Change. Vol 101: 347–356

Zahra, S.A., Hayton, J.C., Neubaum, D.O., Dibrell, C. and Craig, J. (2008), “Culture of family commitment and strategic flexibility: the moderating effect of stewardship”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 32, pp. 1035-1054.

Zhang, X., Shen, L., Wu, Y., Linda, C. 2009.Competitiveness Assessment for Real Estate Enterprises in China: A Model-Procedure. International Journal of Strategic Property Management. Vol. 13, 229–245

Zhang, X., Shen, L., Wu, Y., Peng, Y. 2010. Core Competitiveness Indicators: A Study of Real Estate Developers in China. Facilities.Vol. 28 No. 11/12, pp. 526-541

Zhang, X., Shen, L., Skitmore, M., Xia, B. 2010.Key Competitiveness Indicators for New Real Estate Developers.Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction. Vol. 15 No. 2, pp. 143-157

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/jmdk.v5i1.1209