THE SURRENDER OF A PANOPLY OF COPYCATS TO THE CASE-HARDENED MARKET LEADER: SUBSTANTIATION FROM AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE INDONESIA CROP-PROTECTION INDUSTRY

Iwan Gunawan, Achmad Sudiro, Ainur Rofiq

Abstract


This study has three objectives: to reveal how to create effective copycats design; to determine the most favorable situation for copycats; to cognize the winner of panoplied copycats versus market leader. Study 1 with participation of 98 farmers revealed that copycats managed to steal quality image of market leader through imitation of typography and colour. Study 2 with involvement of 216 farmers suggested that copycat to situate farmer peers as referrals, apply moderately-lower pricing and persuade consumers without sales promotions. Market leader won against copycats in the battle for defending loyal consumers.

 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.26905/jbm.v6i1.3033


Keywords


Copycat; crop-protection market; low-literate consumers; pricing strategy; reference groups; sales promotions

Full Text:

PDF

References


Andersen, S., Harrison, G.W., Lau, M.I. and Rutström, E.E. (2010), “Preference heterogeneity in experiments: comparing the field and laboratory”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Vol. 73, pp. 209-224

Antara, 2012. 'Pasar Pestisida Nasional Masih Dikuasai Industri Multinasional', Antara, 20 March. Available from http://id.berita.yahoo.com/pasar-pestisida-nasional-masih-dikuasai-industri-multinasional-165632175.html [Accessed 27 November 2013]

Buil, I., de Chernatony, L. and Martínez, E. (2013). “Examining the role of advertising and sales promotions in brand equity creation”, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 66, pp. 115-122.

Buil, I., de Chernatony, L. and Montaner, T. (2013). “Factors influencing consumer evaluations of gift promotions”, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 47, No.3/4 pp. 574-595.

Charness, G., Gneezy, U. and Kuhn, M.A. (2012). “Experimental methods: Between-subject and within-subject design”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Vol. 81, pp. 1-8.

Davies, G. (1998). “Retail brands and the theft of identity”, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management. Vol. 26 No.4, pp. 140-146.

DelVecchio, D. and Puligada, S. (2012), “The effects of lower prices on perceptions of brand quality: a choice task perspective”, Journal of Product & Brand Management, Vol. 21 No.6, pp. 465-474.

Department of Agriculture, Directorate-General of Agriculture Infrastructure (2013) Agriculture and Forestry Pesticide 2011. Bina Sarana Pertanian Cooperative

Department of Agriculture, Secretariat-General (2000) Agriculture and Forestry Pesticide 2000. Employee Cooperative of Department of Agriculture

Dick, A.S. and Basu, K. (1994), “Customer loyalty: Toward an integrated conceptual framework”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 22 No. 2, pp. 99-113.

d'Astous, A. and Gargouri, E. (2001), “Consumer evaluations of brand imitations”, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 35 No. 1/2, pp. 153-167.

Gau, R., Jae, H. and Viswanathan, M. (2012), “Studying low-literate consumers through experimental methods: Implications for subsistence marketplaces”, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 65, pp. 1683-1691.

Haines, D. W., Chandran, R. and Parkhe, A. (1989), “Winning by being the first to market... or second?”, The Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 6 No.1, pp. 63-69.

Huff, L.C., Alden, D.L. and Tietje, B.C. (1999), “Managing the sales promotion mix: brand managers’ response to sales promotions”, Journal of Promotion Management, Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 77-89.

Kauppinen-Räisänen, H., Owusu, R.A. and Bamfo, B.A. (2012), "Brand salience of OTC pharmaceuticals through package appearance", International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, Vol. 6 No. 3, pp. 230-249.

Kay, H. (1990), “Fake’s progress”, Management Today, July, pp. 54-8.

Kotler, P. (2003), Marketing Management. 11th ed. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River.

Lee, J.Y., Gao, Z. and Brown, M.G. (2010), “A study of the impact of package changes on orange juice demand”, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Service, Vol. 17 pp. 487-491.

Levitt, T. (1966), “Innovative imitation”, Harvard Business Review, September-October, pp. 63-70

Loken, B., Ross, I., and Hinkle, R.L. (1986), “Consumer “confusion” of origin and brand similiarity perceptions”, Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, Vol. 5 pp. 195-211

Miceli, G.N. and Pieters, R. (2010), “Looking more or less alike: Determinants of perceived visual similarity between copycat and leading brands”, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 63 pp. 1121-1128.

Montaner, T., de Chernatony, L. and Buil, I. (2011), “Consumer response to gift promotions”, Journal of Product and Brand Management, Vol. 20 No. 2, pp 101-110.

Ogba, I.E. and Johnson, R. (2010), “How packaging affects the product preferences of children and the buyer behaviour of their parents in the food industry”, Young Consumers, Vol. 11 No. 1, pp. 77-89.

Peter, J.P. and Olson, J.C., 2010. Consumer Behavior & Marketing Strategy. 9th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill

Rettie, R. and Brewer, C. (2000), “The verbal and visual components of package design”, Journal of Product and Brand Management, Vol. 9 No. 1, pp. 56-70.

Robertson, G.L. (1990) “Good and bad packaging: who decides?”, Asia Pacific International Journal of Business Logistics, Vol. 3 No. 2, pp. 37-40.

Romaniuk, J. and Nenycz-Thiel, M. (2013), “Behavioral brand loyalty and consumer brand associations”, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 66, pp. 67-72.

Rundh, B. (2005), “The multi-faceted dimension of packaging marketing logistic or marketing tool?”, British Food Journal, Vol. 107 No. 9, pp. 670-684.

Rundh, B. (2009), “Packaging design: creating competitive advantage with product packaging”, British Food Journal, Vol. 111 No. 9, pp. 988-1002.

Sara, R. (1990), “Packaging as a retail marketing tool”, International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 20 No. 8, pp. 29-30.

Schiffman, L.G. and Kanuk, L.L. (2004), Consumer Behavior, 8th ed., Pearson Education, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.

Sekaran, U., 2003. Research Methods for Business: A Skill-Building Approach. 4th ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Shenkar, O. (2010), “Copycats: how smart companies use imitation to gain a strategic edge”, Viewpoint, Vol. 26 No. 10, pp. 3-5.

Silayoi, P. and Speece, M. (2004), “Packaging and purchase decisions: An exploratory study on the impact of involvement level and time pressure”, British Food Journal, Vol. 106 No. 8, pp. 607-628.

Silayoi, P. and Speece, M. (2007), “The importance of packaging attributes: a conjoint analysis Approach”, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 41 No: 11/12, pp. 1495-1517.

Tsao, H.Y., Hsin, M., Pitt, L.F. and Caruana, A. (2005), “The foundation of a ‘High Price - High Quality’ inferential belief: a study among young buyers of mobile phones and notebooks”, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and logistics, Vol. 17 No. 1, pp. 50-60

Utami, S.P.S., 2015. Sengketa Merek, GS Yuasa Menang Lawan GiSi. Kompas, [online] 24 June. Available at: http://bisniskeuangan.kompas.com/read/2015/06/24/1323005/Sengketa.Merek.GS.Yuasa.Menang.Lawan.GiSi [Accessed 24 June 2015].

Van Horen, F. and Pieters, R. (2012a), “When high similarity copycats lose and moderate similarity copycats gain: The impact of comparative evaluation”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. XLIX pp. 83-91

Van Horen, F. and Pieters, R. (2012b), “Consumer evaluation of copycat brands: The effect of imitation type”, Intern. J. of Research in Marketing, Vol. 29 pp. 246-255.

Van Horen, F. and Pieters, R. (2013), “Preference reversal for copycat brands: Uncertainty makes imitation feel good”, Journal of Economic Psychology, Vol. 37 pp. 54-64.

Wang, E.S.T. (2013), “The influence of visual packaging design on perceived food product quality, value, and brand preference”, International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, Vol. 41 No. 10, pp. 805-816.

Warlop, L. and Alba, J.W. (2004), “Sincere flattery: trade-dress imitation and consumer choice”, Journal of Consumer Psychology, Vol. 14 No. 1-2, pp. 21-27.

Young, M.R., DeSarbo, W.S. and Morwitz, V.G. (1998), “The stochastic modeling of purchase intentions and behaviour”, Management Science, Vol. 44 No. 2, pp. 188-204.

Zaichkowsky, J.L. (1995), Defending Your Brand Against Imitation, Quorum Books, Westport, CT.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/jbm.v6i1.3033

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen
Faculty of Social and Political Science University of Merdeka Malang



Mailling Address:
  • Address: Terusan Dieng Street 62-64 Malang, Indonesia
  • Website: http://jurnal.unmer.ac.id/index.php/jbm
  • Email: jbm.unmermlg@unmer.ac.id
  • Phone: +62 813-9393-3938
Free counters!

View Stat JBM