POLA MUSIMAN KUNJUNGAN WISATAWAN MANCANEGARA AUSTRALIA KE NEGARA INDONESIA, THAILAND, DAN SINGAPURA

Addin Maulana, Chamma Fitri Putri Pradjwalita Koesfardani, Norman Sasono

Abstract


The number of tourist arrivals is one of the main points in assessing the success of the tourism sector. Because of that, the seasonal pattern of tourist arrivals is an important thing that must be observed in making policies in the field of tourism marketing. Therefore, identifying seasonal patterns will influence the strategy of allocating available resources, especially in markets that have great potential in producing quality tourists like Australia. By using the calculation of Seasonality Ratio, Seasonality Indicator, Gini Coefficients, and Seasonality Index, this study compares the seasonal patterns of Australian tourists arriving in Indonesia with other competing countries, namely Singapore and Thailand. This research has succeeded in identifying that the Seasonality Ratio and Seasonality Indicator values show the pattern of Australian tourists arrives in Indonesia has more fluctuations every month. Despite this, the seasonal level of Australian tourists to Indonesia is low the same as the two other countries. This is seen from the results of the Gini Coefficient calculation in the three countries are below 0.5, or the difference in tourist arrivals per month is not significant. The Seasonality Index indicator shows that January, April, and December are the peak season periods for Australian tourists arriving Singapore and Thailand. However, this is different in Indonesia which is in the off-season phase. Thus, Indonesia has opportunities to optimize Australian tourist arrives in the off-season with the right marketing policies.

Keywords


Seasonality Ratio; Seasonality Indicator; Gini Coefficient; Seasonality Index; Tourism Marketing Policy; Tourist Visits

Full Text:

PDF

References


Algieri, B., Aquino, A., & Succurro, M. (2018). International Competitive Advantages in Tourism: An Eclectic View. Tourism Management Perspectives, 25(November 2017), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.11.003

Alzboun, N. (2018). Measuring Seasonality of Tourism Demand in Petra, Jordan (2006-2017). Modern Applied Science, 12(9), 131–139. https://doi.org/10.5539/mas.v12n9p131

Badan Pusat Statistik. (2019). Statistik Kunjungan Wisatawan Mancanegara 2018. Jakarta. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2019/08/28/f2e676c8c2b7ae3346a28b88/statistik-kunjungan-wisatawan-mancanegara-2018.html

Barros, C. P., & Machado, L. P. (2010). The Length of Stay in Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, (October). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2009.12.005

BPS-Statistics Indonesia. (2020). National Tourism and Transportation Development Statistics December 2019 (in bahasa). Jakarta. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/pressrelease/download.html?nrbvfeve=MTcxMQ%3D%3D&sdfs=ldjfdifsdjkfahi&twoadfnoarfeauf=MjAyMC0wMy0xMSAxNTo0MzoyMw%3D%3D

Butler, R. W. (2001). Sesonality in Tourism: Issues and Implications. In S. Page (Ed.), Advances in Tourism Research Series (pp. 5–21). Kidlingkton: Elsevier Science Ltd.

Cannas, R. (2012). An Overview of Tourism Seasonality : Key Concepts and Policies. Journal of Tourism, Culture and Territorial Development, 3(5), 40–58. Retrieved from https://almatourism.unibo.it/article/view/3120

Choe, Y., Kim, H., & Joun, H.-J. (2019). Differences in Tourist Behaviors Across The Seasons : The Case of Northern Indiana. Sustainability, MDPI, Open Journal Access, 11(16), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11164351

Corluka, G. (2019). Tourism Seasonality – An Overview. Journal of Business Paradigms, 4(1), 21–43. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Goran_Corluka/publication/336085306_TOURISM_SEASONALITY_-_AN_OVERVIEW/links/5d8dbedb299bf10cff12cbaf/TOURISM-SEASONALITY-AN-OVERVIEW.pdf

Fernández-morales, A. (2014). Leisure , Sport & Tourism Education. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 15, 116–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2014.08.001

Gilmore, A. (2017). Quality and Quantity in Tourism. Journal of Hotel & Business Management, 6(1), 1–2. https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0286.1000164

Gnanapragasam, S. R. (2018). Tourist Arrivals in Sri Lanka : A Comparative Study of Holt-Winter’s versus Box-Jenkin’s Modeling Methods. OUSL Journal, 13(1), 65–91. https://doi.org/DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/ouslj.v13i1.7395

Jangra, R., & Kaushik, S. P. (2018). Analysis of Trends and Seasonality in the Tourism Industry : The Case of A Cold Desert Destination-Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 7(1), 1–16. Retrieved from ajhtl.com/uploads/7/1/6/3/7163688/article_15_vol_7__1__2018.pdf

Karamustafa, K., & Ulama, S. (2010). Measuring The Seasonality in Tourism with The Comparison of Different Methods. EuroMed Journal of Business, 5(2), 191–214. https://doi.org/10.1108/14502191011065509

Kastenholz, E., & Almeida, A. L. de. (2015). Analyzing Seasonal Differences in A Destination’s Tourist Market: The Case of Minho. Marketing Places and Spaces, 10, 253–267. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/S1871-317320150000010018

Kementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif, & International Labour Organization. (2012). Rencana Strategis Pariwisata Berkelanjutan dan Green Jobs untuk Indonesia. Jakarta. Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/---ilo-jakarta/documents/publication/wcms_209132.pdf

Lim, C., & McAleer, M. (1999). A Seasonal Analysis of Malaysian Tourist Arrivals to Australia. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 48(4), 573–583. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4754(99)00038-5

Lundtorp, S. (2001). Measuring Tourism Seasonality. In S. Page (Ed.), Advances in Tourism Research Series (pp. 23–50). Kidlingkton: Elsevier Science Ltd.

Mariyono, J. (2017). Determinants of Demand for Foreign Tourism in Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 18(1), 82–92. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23917/jep.v18i1.2042

Maulana, A. (2018). Pemetaan Prospek Kunjungan Wisatawan Asal Tiongkok Di Pasar Global. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Pembangunan, 26(2), 117–130. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/JEP.26.2.2018.117-130

Rudkin, S., & Sharma, A. (2017). Enhancing Understanding of Tourist Spending Using Unconditional Quantile Regression. Annals of Tourism Research. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.06.003

Secareanu, C., & Firoiu, D. (2011). Statistical methods Used In The Analysis And Forcast of The Tourism Activity Affected by Seasonality. Romanian Economic and Business Review, 6(4), 150–157. Retrieved from http://www.rebe.rau.ro/RePEc/rau/journl/WI11/REBE-WI11-A14.pdf

Šergo, Z., Matošević, I., & Zanini-Gavranić, T. (2016). Seasonality In Tourism Demand: Panel Models With Censored Data. In Interdisciplinary Management Research XII (pp. 1–10). Opatija. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Goran_Corluka/publication/336085306_TOURISM_SEASONALITY_-_AN_OVERVIEW/links/5d8dbedb299bf10cff12cbaf/TOURISM-SEASONALITY-AN-OVERVIEW.pdf

Tourism Australia. (2018). High Value Traveller Snapshot. Retrieved from https://www.tourism.australia.com/content/dam/assets/document/1/7/5/e/w/2013224.pdf

Tourism Research Australia. (2019). Tourism Forecast 2019. Canberra. Retrieved from https://www.tra.gov.au/International/International-Tourism-Forecasts/international-tourism-forecasts

Þórhallsdóttir, G., & Ólafsson, R. (2017). A method to Analyse Seasonality in The Distribution of Tourists in Iceland. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 19(December 2016), 17–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2017.05.001




DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/jpp.v5i1.4855

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c)



Jurnal Pariwisata Pesona

Editorial Office    
Address:Jl. Bandung No. 1 kota Malang 65113  
Phone:+62341580303  
Mobile / Whatsapp:Dhita Paramita A +62 857-2506-0019 
(Operating Hours: Monday - Friday 08.00 - 14.00)		  
Email:[email protected]  
     
Jurnal Pariwisata Pesona has been indexed on:

 

Creative Commons License
Jurnal Pariwisata Pesona is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

web statistics View My Stats